Definitions

Question 0

Basic composition (5)

Answer 0

Inorganic matter, decayed organic matter, living organisms, water, air.

Question 1

Basic structure

Answer 1

Loose, porous material. Never solid like rock.

Question 2

Soil texture is

Answer 2

The proportion of sand silt and clay in a sample.

Question 3

Clays can determine nutrient availability by

Answer 3

The transformation of soil structure and contaminants.

Question 4

Soil texture influences

Answer 4

Soil fertility
Water holding capacity
Susceptibility to erosion

Question 5

Humus is

Answer 5

The remains of once living matter. A dark coloured material where the structure of organic material is lost through decomp and chemical transformation.

Question 6

Organic matter is greatest in

Answer 6

Cool moist regions and lowest in warm dry areas.

Question 7

Soil solution is

Answer 7

An aqueous solution of ions dissolved in gases that are in contact with the soil.

Question 8

Clays have a high net

Answer 8

Negative electrical charge

Question 9

Isomorphous substitution is when

Answer 9

Ions of a similar shape and size are swapped between the soil solution and clay sheets.

Question 10

Particle density is the

Answer 10

Mass by volume of different particles.

Question 11

Bulk density is the

Answer 11

Mass of a specific volume of dry soil, including pore space and solids.

Question 12

Bulk density will always be

Answer 12

Lower than particle density.

Question 13

The formation of all soils can be attributed to five factors

Answer 13

Patent material
Topography
Climate
Biota
Time

Question 14

The four soil forming processes

Answer 14

Addition of material
Loss of components
Transformation
Translocation

Question 15

The three components that compose a soil texture are

Answer 15

Sand silt and clay

Question 16

Water holding capacity of clay silt and sand

Answer 16

Clay - high
Silt - moderate
Sand - low

Question 17

Drainage rate of clay silt and sand

Answer 17

Clay - slow unless cracked
Silt - moderate
Sand - fast

Question 18

Inherent fertility of clay silt and sand

Answer 18

Clay - high
Silt - moderate
Sand - low

Question 19

Ease of pollutant leaching of clay silt and sand

Answer 19

Clay - low unless cracked
Silt - moderate
Sand - high

Question 20

Ease of compaction of clay silt and sand

Answer 20

Clay - high
Silt - moderate
Sand - low

Question 21

Water erosion susceptibility of clay silt and sand

Answer 21

Clay - moderate
Silt - high
Sand - low

Question 22

Wind erosion vulnerability of clay silt and sand

Answer 22

Clay - low
Silt - high
Sand - moderate