Soil

Question 1

Farming method in brown earth soils

Answer 1

Arable and pastoral

Question 2

5 ingredients in soil

Answer 2

Water 
Air 
Mineral matter 
Humus 
Living organisms

Question 3

Mineral matter

Answer 3

Is biggest ingredient in soil
Consists of the remains of rock that have been broken down into smaller particles by weathering
Includes stones sand silt and clay

Question 4

Air

Answer 4

Fills holes of space between mineral particles in soil
Contains nitrogen and oxygen which are vital for plants to grow
Air allows living organisms to survive in soil

Question 5

Water

Answer 5

Helps bind water particles together
Important for plant growth as contains minerals
Plants absorb this through their routes

Question 6

Living creatures

Answer 6

Soil is home to creatures such as earthworm, woodlice and slugs
It is home to millions of micro organisms such as fungi and bacteria
When they pass through the soil they make it easier for water and air to get through
Help break down dead plants into humus

Question 7

Humus

Answer 7

Humus is the dark partly decayed organic matter found in soil
Produced from the remains of dead animals and plants
Broken down and mixed with soil by living organisms
Humus provides nutrients that keep the soil healthy and help bind soil particles together

Question 8

How soil is formed

Answer 8

Climate 
Parent material 
Time
Landscape 
Vegetation 
Living organisms

Question 9

Climate

Answer 9

Temperature and rainfall affect how long rocks are broke down
hot climates experience chemical weathering
Cold climates experience freeze thaw

Question 10

Parent material

Answer 10

Granite is a hard rock and hard to break down Sandstone is a soft rock and easy to break down
Soils that develop on Limestone are more fertile than those of sandstone and granite

Question 11

Vegetation

Answer 11

When vegetation dies and is broken down it adds nutrients to the soil

Question 12

Living organisms

Answer 12

Bacteria and fungi break down dead animals and plants and turn them into humus
Animals such as earthworms break through the soil and make room for water and air to enter the soil
when these creatures die their remains add nutrients to the soil

Question 13

Landscape

Answer 13

Upland areas areas are wet and cold and soils can get water logged and their is little animal and plant life so less humus
Lowland areas deeper and well drained they more humus as the y are plentiful in plans and animal life

Question 14

Time

Answer 14

He longer soil is exposed to the affects of weathering the more it is broken down