Software to CPU

Question 1

Software

Answer 1

Controls everything a computer does

Question 2

2 types of software

Answer 2

Application software, system software

Question 3

System software 

Answer 3

Control and manage basic operations of computer

Question 4

3 types of system software

Answer 4

Operating system, utility programs, software development tools

Question 5

Operating system

Answer 5

Controls internal operations of computer’s hardware and manages devices connected to computer

Question 6

Utility programs

Answer 6

perform specialized task that enhances computer’s operation or safeguards data

Question 7

SDT (what?)

Answer 7

programs used to create, modify and test software

Question 8

Application software and examples

Answer 8

Programs people usually spend most of their time running on computers performing everyday tasks (word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation)

Question 9

How do computers store data?

Answer 9

By converting data to sequences of 0s and 1s

Question 10

Bytes

Answer 10

Computer’s memory is divided into tiny storage locations: bytes

Question 11

1 byte

Answer 11

= 1 number

Question 12

What is a byte divided into?

Answer 12

Smaller storage locations = bits (binary digits)

Question 13

Bits

Answer 13

Tiny electrical component that can hold positive or negative charge

Question 14

Byte is a unit of ________

Answer 14

storage measurement

Question 15

What is the order of units?

Answer 15

byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte, terabyte, petabyte

Question 16

Largest value that can be stored in byte

Answer 16

255

Question 17

What is the maximum value for 2 bytes?

Answer 17

65535

Question 18

Characters are stored in memory as binary numbers

Answer 18

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

Question 19

What is letter A?

Answer 19

65

Question 20

How many numeric codes does ASCII have?

Answer 20

128

Question 21

Unicode

Answer 21

Extensive encoding scheme, represent characters for many languages in world and compatible with ASCII

Question 22

Digital data

Answer 22

Data stored in binary

Question 23

Digital device

Answer 23

Any device that works with binary data

Question 24

Digital images

Answer 24

Composed of pixels (tiny dots of colour = picture elements)

Question 25

Digital sound

Answer 25

Broken into small pieces known as samples

Question 26

A computer's CPU ______

Answer 26

Can only understand instructions written in machine language

Question 27

Why have other programming languages been invented?

Answer 27

Because people find it difficult to write entire programs in machine language

Question 28

The CPU

Answer 28

- Most important part - Not a brain - Not smart - Electronic device designed to do specific things

Question 29

What can a CPU do?

Answer 29

- Read a piece of data from main memory (RAM) - Adding two numbers - Subtracting one number from another number - Multiplying two numbers - Dividing one number by another number - Moving a piece of data from one memory location to another - Determining whether one value is equal to another value

Question 30

What is machine language instructions?

Answer 30

1s and 0s

Question 31

Instruction set

Answer 31

The entire set of instructions a CPU can execute

Question 32

What does each brand of microprocessors have?

Answer 32

Intel, AMD and Motorola have their own unique instruction set

Question 33

Assembly language _____

Answer 33

Uses short words known as mnemonics

Question 34

What is an assembler used for?

Answer 34

Translate assembly language program to a machine language program

Question 35

What is a low-level language?

Answer 35

Assembly language

Question 36

High-level languages

Answer 36

Allow you to create powerful and complex programs without knowing how the CPU works, using words that are easy to understand

Question 37

High-level language examples

Answer 37

Ada, BASIC, Python, C++, Ruby, Visual Basic

Question 38

Source code (or___)

Answer 38

Statements written in high-level language

Question 39

Compiler

Answer 39

Used to translate source code to machine language

Question 40

Compiler (2)

Answer 40

Program that translates high-level language program into a separate machine language program