Software (p 23-36)

Question 1

Stand-Alone OS:
- Purpose
- Size
- Hardware
- 2 Examples

Answer 1

Purpose:
Manage hard- and software of computer and provide GUI

Size:
<1GB to 16GB

Hardware:
HDD, CPU and RAM

Examples:
Windows 11, iOS 17

Question 2

Network OS:
- Purpose
- Size
- Hardware
- 2 Examples

Answer 2

Purpose:
Manage computers connected to the network

Size:
Mostly big

Hardware:
Network Interface Controller (NIC)

Example:
Windows Server, Red Hat Server

Question 3

Embedded OS:
- Purpose
- Size
- Hardware
- 2 Examples

Answer 3

Purpose:
Run software for specific applience/tool

Size:
Very small

Hardware:
Processor, RAM, ROM

Examples:
Smart TV’s OS, Air Fryer’s OS

Question 4

List 3 Purposes of an OS

Answer 4

1) Translates instructions from software that hardware can understand

2) Send instructions to correct hardware

3) Provides a User Interface

Question 5

What is a Driver?

Answer 5

Software that tells the OS how to communicate with specific hardware

Question 6

What is multitasking?

Answer 6

OS’ ability to quickly switch between tasks to give the impression the different apps are executing simultaniously

Question 7

What is multiprocessing?

Answer 7

A CPU uses multiple processors (cores) to complete a task

Question 8

What is multithreading?

Answer 8

Operations within an app are divided into threads. The OS divides the processing time among each thread

Question 9

What is virtualisation?

Answer 9

Creating a virtual version of a computer or component

Question 10

What is virtual memory?

Answer 10

A technique used by the OS to increase RAM by creating a file on the HDD

Question 11

What is the dangers of using virtual memory?

Answer 11

Your computer can become very slow as it is moving data between RAM and virtual memory which is stored on the slow HDD (thrashing)

Question 12

Interpreter:
- How does it run?
- If it reads an error?
- Speed
- Example

Answer 12

How does it run?
Interprets and sends code to CPU line by line

If it reads an error?
The program crahes

Speed:
Opens faster, runs slower

Example:
JavaScript

Question 13

Compiler:
- How does it run?
- If it reads an error?
- Speed
- Example

Answer 13

How does it run?
Compiles entire program and sends it to CPU

If it reads an error?
Stops compiling and doesn’t launch program

Speed:
Opens slower, runs faster

Example:
Delphi