Software Flashcards
Software OS
An operating system is a set of programs that controls how the user interacts with the hardware and software of a computer system.
It has programs that:
- Manage all of the hardware devices and software
- Control all of the processes running on the computer
- Ensure that all hardware and software interact correctly
Operating system managers
- Peripheral manager
- Memory manager
- Process manager
- File manager
Utility programs
Utility programs perform specific tasks related to computer functions, resources, files and security. They help to configure the system, analyse how it is working and optimise it to improve its efficiency. Some examples are security programs and system optimisation programs.
OS Security
Security programs can include:
- Anti-virus software
- Encryption software
- A firewall
- Spyware detectors
Open source
Software whose source code is available for modification or enhancement by anyone.
Open source advantages
Advantages:
- Free to use
- Users can modify the source code to adapt it to their needs
- Constant upgrades are available
- There is a community of dedicated enthusiasts who will provide help and support
Open source disadvantages
Disadvantages
- May need specialist knowledge to install and develop the software
- May not appear as professional as proprietary software or have such a user-friendly interface
- It may not have been tested as thoroughly as proprietary software
Embedded systems
An embedded system is a computer system built within a larger device, such as: washing machines and digital cameras.
Fetch-decode-execute cycle: Fetch
Instructions and data are moved from the RAM to the CPU.
CPU to RAM: Address bus
RAM to CPU: Data bus
Fetch-decode-execute cycle: Decode and execute
In the decode part of the cycle, the CU interprets the instructions and decides what action to perform.
During the execute phase, these instructions are carried out.
CPU
Where data processing takes place.
