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Computing > Software > Flashcards

Software Flashcards

1
Q

What is file transfer?

A

File transfer is the act of transmitting files over a network such as the Internet.

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2
Q

What are file servers?

A

Computers which provide a file transfer service.

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3
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

Local Area Network

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4
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

Wide Area Network.

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5
Q

What does TCP/IP stand for?

A

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

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6
Q

What are the four types of system maintenance?

A

System information and diagnostics
System clean up
Automatic Updating
Backup software

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7
Q

What is system information and diagnostics?

A

Process of providing information about hardware and software.

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8
Q

What does system clean up do?

A

Removes redundant files.

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9
Q

What does automatic updating do?

A

Searches the Internet and updates software for security or new features.

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10
Q

When does disk fragmentation occur?

A

When the OS:
Spilt up large files when saving them
Tries to fill the gaps when files are deleted it their size changes.

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11
Q

What is defragmentation carried out by?

A

Software that can detect files or parts of files and can store the physically together.

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12
Q

What are the benefits of defragmentation?

A

It speeds up file access.

Ensures gréé disk space is maximised.

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13
Q

What provides peripherals with the signals that control them?

A

Device drivers

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14
Q

Hiw produces device drivers?

A

The manufacturers of the device.

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15
Q

In terms of drivers, what do some operating systems now have?

A

Built-in generic drivers or the fait-il to search for the required driver automatically on te internet.

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16
Q

Why do some periphals require specific drivers?

A

To function fully as they may have unusual or unique features for example some gaming keyboards light up so extra drivers are needed for that feature as generic keyboards cannot light up.

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17
Q

What is an interrupt?

A

A signal generated by a device to ensure that the attention of the CPU is focused on a certain piece of software or function. Fir example an incoming Skype call needs instant access to the microphone and Web Cam.

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18
Q

What does WIMP stand for?

A

Windows
Icons
Menus
Pointer

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19
Q

What does CLI stand for and what does it do?

A

Command line Interface.

Allows user to input commands to gain access to files.

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20
Q

What are the five key features of the operating system?

A 
Memory Management
Peripheral Management
Multi-tasking
Security
User Interface
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21
Q

What is memory management?

A

The processes of freeing up space within the RAM, allocating portions of RAM and allocating safe on the secondary storage to act as virtual memory.

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22
Q

What is peripheral management?

A

The process of installing the correct drivers for peripherals and allowing use of them.

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23
Q

How does the OS keep a computer system secure?

A

Use passwords to only allow authorised access.
Allow different levels of user access.
Provide backup and recovery of the dysten in the event of a system failure.

24
Q

What us Multi-tasking?

A

The process of allowing multiple programs t be running at the same time. It is managed by the operating system which allocates time slots on the RAM and manages priorities.

25
Q

Positives and negatives of the CLI.

A

Positives
It is faster as it uses less resources.
User has complete and control.

Negatives
Must be accurate.
is less user friendly
Can be daunting.
Need more training
26
Q

Posties and negatives of the GUI.

A 
Positives 
User friendly.
Uses a pointer.
Dont need a vast knowledge of computers.
Shortcuts can be used. (Ctrl + C to copy)
More intuitive

Negatives
Menus restrict choices for user.

27
Q

What is software?

A

Programs which run on a computer.

28
Q

What is a program?

A

A set of instructions for a computer to execute.

29
Q

What are the reasons for disk defragmentation occurring?

A

It speeds up file access.

It ensures free disk space is maximised.

30
Q

What does antivirus software do?

A

Searches through files to find any malware or harmful files and deletes or quarantines them.

31
Q

What does a firewall do?

A

Stops unwanted files reaching the wrong places by opening and closing different ports.

32
Q

What is firmware?

A

The operating software used on a peripheral or other small electronic device.

33
Q

Where is firmware sometimes stored?

A

Memory chips

34
Q

What does firmware usually consist of?

A

Small programs that are in used to control and electronic device.

35
Q

When is firmware used in larger computers?

A

To take care of boot up operations.

36
Q

What are editors used for?

A

Writing code in software development.

37
Q

What do translators do?

A

Translates source code into machine code.

38
Q

What do compilers do?

A

Convert high level language into machine code.

They translate the entire source code at once.

39
Q

What do interpreters do?

A

Translates high level language to machine code a line at a time and displays result on screen.

40
Q

What are interpreters good for?

A

Debugging

41
Q

What is the ratio for compilers?

A

1:Many

42
Q

What do assemblers do?

A

Translates high level language to machine code using mnemonics to represent machine operations.

43
Q

What is the ratio for interpreters?

A

1:Many

44
Q

What is the ratio for assemblers?

A

1:1

45
Q

What do linkers do?

A

Link different files of code (object code) to form the complete application.

46
Q

What is bespoke software?

A

Software made specifically for a clients needs.

47
Q

What is open software?

A

Software that us free and user modifiable as the source code is provided.

48
Q

What is proprietary software?

A

Software owned by a company and is not user modifiable.

49
Q

What is off the shelf software.

A

Software which is mass produced for general purpose.

50
Q

What are the advantages of bespoke software?

A

Does everything you want.

Gives a competitive edge.

51
Q

What are the disadvantages of bespoke software?

A

It is expensive.

52
Q

What are the advantages of off the shelf software?

A

It is relatively inexpensive.

Help us available online through forums.

53
Q

What are the disadvantages of off the shelf software?

A

It might not do everything required of the user.

54
Q

What is an issue with antivirus software?

A

It must be kept up to date.

55
Q

What does disk formatting do?

A

Create a file system (high level)

Delete any existing files and find and fix any errors.

Computing (5 decks)

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