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Computing > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network?

A

Two or more computer systems connected that than share or transfer data and resources.

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2
Q

What is a standalone computer?

A

A computer that isn’t connected to any other.

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3
Q

What do work groups do?

A

Share files over a network with other users.

Have a ‘shared area’. Allows for a central location of files to be uploaded.

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4
Q

What is a shared database?

A

A place for storing and searching for data.

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5
Q

What is communication over a network?

A

Sharing speech and instant messages.

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6
Q

Device and software sharing?

A

Devices such as printers can be accessed by multiple computers on a network.
Software is installed on a central server.

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7
Q

Security?

A

Controlling resources that can be accessed by users.

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8
Q

Advantages of networking.

A

Users can share files.
Peripherals can be shared and networks such as the internet can be connected to.
Users can access files on any computer.
Servers can control security, updates and backup of data.
Communication with other people (social network and email).

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9
Q

Advantages of networking.

A

Users can share files.
Peripherals can be shared and networks such as the internet can be connected to.
Users can access files on any computer.
Servers can control security, updates and backup of data.
Communication with other people (social network and email).

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10
Q

Disadvantages of networking.

A

Increased security risk of data.
Malware and viruses can spread more quickly.
If the server fails, the connected computers might not work.
The computers may run more slowly if there is a lot of data travelling on the network.

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11
Q

What is the NIC?

A

Network Interface Card.

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12
Q

What is the role of the NIC?

A

To generate signals for the carrier to connect to a network.

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13
Q

What is the role of the terminator?

A

Prevents bounce back of data at the end of the bus.

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14
Q

What is the role of repeaters?

A

To boost the integrity of a network signal.

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15
Q

What is the role of the hub?

A

To take a single connection and allow you to connect it to multiple devices.

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16
Q

What is a drawback of adding hubs on top of hubs?

A

The network slows down.

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17
Q

What is the role of switches?

A

To select where information goes to. They are intelligent hubs and learn the address for devices of the network.

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18
Q

What is the role of the router?

A

To connect two networks together and provide an access point for WiFi. Routers can connect LANs together to make WANs.

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19
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A Local Area Network. It covers a small geographic location. All hardware is owned by those operating it. Cat 5 cables used.

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20
Q

What is a WAN?

A

A Wide Area Network e.g the Internet.
Large geographic location.
Leased from companies who own and manage.
Connected by telephone lines.

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21
Q

What addresses to Switches and Routers use?

A 
Routers = IP Address
Switches = MAC Address
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22
Q

What is encryption?

A

Algorithm scrambles it. Same algorithm needed to unscramble it.

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23
Q

What are user access levels?

A

Control of activities of each user.

Allows aurthorised access only.

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24
Q

What is the role of passwords?

A

To prevent data being stolen.

25
Q

What makes a good password?

A

Uppercase, lowercase, numbers and symbols.

26
Q

What are acceptable use policies?

A

A set of rules laid out for the uses of a network to ensure they use the network correctly and safely.

27
Q

What is a fail over?

A

If a network is going to crash or there is an issue, it will automatically switch to a back up system.

28
Q

What is a back up?

A

A secondary record of files.

29
Q

What is archiving?

A

Storing files which are not regularly used and need storing for the long term.

30
Q

What is disaster recovery?

A

The steps taken in the event of a disaster.

31
Q

What are the steps of disaster recovery?

A

Prevention
Detection
Correction

32
Q

What is the role of the TCP/IP?

A

To provide error free transmission of information and route the packets correctly.

33
Q

What is a packet?

A

A container for data being transferred over a network.

34
Q

What do packets contain?

A

Sender’s address, receivers address and order which they need to be reassembled.

35
Q

What happens when packets are lost?

A

They are resent from the point they were last at in the network.

36
Q

What is packet switching?

A

Packets taking different routes along the network to the final destination so that the effeciency of the transfer is increased.

37
Q

What is the world wide web?

A

The pages and data that we see - Google

38
Q

What is the internet?

A

The connections between the data.

39
Q

What does “URL” stand for?

A

Uniform Resource Locator

40
Q

What is a url?

A

A web address within a standardised format.

41
Q

What is the naming system of web addresses?

A

Hierarchical.

42
Q

What happens when a url is searched?

A

The DNS server finds the IP address of the website and sends the user to the webpage.

43
Q

What does “DNS” stand for?

A

Domain Name System.

44
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

A network where each user has equal control and must maintain their own machine. For example, the security and who else has access.

45
Q

What usually connects a computers in a peer to peer network?

A

A hub.

46
Q

What are the advantages of peer to peer networks? (2)

A

No-one needs to manage network facilities.

Easy to set up.

47
Q

What is are the disadvantages of peer to peer networks? (4)

A

No network-wide security.
Each user has to be responsible for managing their computer.
No central information storage.
Someone may restart their machine without while you are using the file system on it.

48
Q

What are client-server networks?

A

Networks which have a few specialist computers called servers who provide services to the other machines on the network.

49
Q

On a client-server network, what is the name of the other computers on the network which aren’t servers?

A

Clients.

50
Q

What roles does the server have? (3)

A

To provide:
Centralised log on.
File storage and backup.
Security updates.

51
Q

What are the advantages of client-server networks? (6)

A

Central control of security.
Easier to manage network and performance.
Easier to upgrade software.
Faster performance because of fewer data collisions.
Clients don’t have to provide services to other machines.
Easier to backup data.

52
Q

What are the disadvantages of client-sever networks? (4)

A

A knowledgeable administrator is required.
Only the administrator can manage the network.
The can be more infrastructure to install.
Server malfunction will have a larger impact.

53
Q

In terms of hardware, what are server computers usually compared to average computers?

A

More powerful.

54
Q

Are severs hardware or software?

A

They can be both.

55
Q

What is an example of a server that is software?

A

Postfix ( a mail server).

56
Q

What are application servers?

A

Servers that provide the services of a particular application.

57
Q

What is a communication server?

A

A server that provides communication services.

58
Q

What is a file and print server?

A

A server that provides access to files that can be managed accurately.

Computing (5 decks)

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