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Oral pathology > soft tissue masses 2 > Flashcards

soft tissue masses 2 Flashcards

1
Q

granular cell tumor category

A

neoplastic

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2
Q

granular cell tumor etiology

A

benign neoplasm derived from Schwann cells

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3
Q

granular cell tumor demographics

A
  • female predilection
  • rare in children
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4
Q

granular cell tumor clinical presentation

A
  • sessile submucosal nodule
  • pink, sometimes with yellow hue
  • dorsal tongue most common oral site
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5
Q

granular cell tumor diagnosis

A

biopsy

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6
Q

granular cell tumor tx

A

excisional biopsy

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7
Q

lipoma category

A

neoplastic

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8
Q

lipoma etiology

A

benign tumor of fat

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9
Q

lipoma demographics

A

uncommon in children

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10
Q

lipoma clinical presentation

A
  • soft, smooth-surfaced nodule
  • usually yellow, sometimes pink
  • buccal mucosa and buccal vestibule most common oral sites
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11
Q

lipoma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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12
Q

lipoma tx

A

excisional biopsy

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13
Q

hemangioma category

A

neoplastic

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14
Q

hemangioma etiology

A

benign vascular tumor

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15
Q

hemangioma demographics

A

most common tumor of infancy

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16
Q

hemangioma clinical presentation

A
  • bright red to dull blue/purple nodule
  • 60% in head and neck
  • more common in females
  • undergo rapid growth for 6-12 months, then involute
  • 90% resolve by age 9
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17
Q

hemangioma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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18
Q

hemangioma tx

A

varies depending on subtype, location, and size

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19
Q

vascular malformation category

A

developmental

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20
Q

vascular malformation etiology

A

structural anomaly of blood vessels

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21
Q

vascular malformation demographics

A

present at birth but persists (& may become more apparent) throughout life

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22
Q

vascular malformation clinical presentation

A
  • can vary from pink/red macule to blue/purple mass
  • presentation varies based on kind of vasculature involved (capillary, venous, ateriovenous)
  • port wine stains (capillary malformations) common on the face
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23
Q

vascular malformation diagnosis

A
  • aspiration (can confirm vascular origin)
  • imaging (angiogram)
  • biopsy
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24
Q

vascular malformation tx

A

varies depending on subtype, location, and size

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25
vascular lesions do what when compressed with pressure
blanch - blood is displaced and lesion returns to normal color
26
describe a neurofibroma
- benign - nerve origin - can occur in many parts of the body - tongue and buccal mucosa common oral sites - treated with excisional biopsy
27
describe a schwannoma
- benign - nerve origin - tongue most common oral site - treated with excisional biopsy
28
major salivary gland trends
- the large the gland, the more likely it is to be benign - the smaller the gland, the more likely it is to be malignant
29
minor salivary gland trends
almost 50/50 chance of being malignant
30
where are the common sites for minor salivary gland neoplasms
- hard palate - soft palate - upper lip
31
describe pleomorphic adenoma
- benign - most common salivary gland neoplasm - can recur
32
describe mucoepidermoid carcinoma
- malignant - most common salivary gland malignancy - usually low-grade
33
describe polymorphous adenocarcinoma
- malignant - usually low-grade - not found in major salivary glands
34
describe adenoid cystic carcinoma
- malignant - more aggressive (perineural invasion)
35
salivary gland tumors treatment
- varies depending on benign vs malignant, location, histopathologic grade, and clinical stage - local surgical excision, wide surgical excision, superficial parotidectomy, or total gland removal with or without neck dissection
36
leukemia category
neoplastic
37
leukemia etiology
- group of malignancies characterized by overproduction of neoplastic white blood cells - originates in bone marrow, then spills over into circulating blood and tissues
38
leukemia demographics
broad
39
leukemia clinical presentation
- fatigue - dyspnea - splenomegaly - hepatomegaly - lymphadenopathy - easy bruising and bleeding - fever - diffuse, boggy, nontender swelling of gingiva, with or without ulceration
40
describe leukemia acute clinical course
- more common in children and young adults - proliferation of immature WBC - more aggressive clinical course
41
describe leukemia chronic clinical course
- occurs most frequently in middle-aged adults - proliferation of mature WBC - slowly progressive clinical course
42
describe leukemia histogenesis
- lymphocytic/lymphoblastic - myeloid
43
a patient with CLL has what
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
44
leukemia diagnosis
- biopsy - bone marrow biopsy
45
leukemia tx
- chemotherapy - bone marrow transplant
46
lymphoma category
neoplastic
47
lymphoma etiology
- group of malignant tumors of lymph nodes - originates in lymph nodes then can become more widely disseminated
48
lymphoma demographics
broad range
49
lymphoma clinical presentation
- enlarging, nontender, discrete mass in LN region - may have weight loss, fever, night sweats, and pruritus ------> most commonly diffuse large B cell lymphoma - most common oral sites are buccal vestibule, post. hard palate, and gingiva
50
lymphoma diagnosis
- biopsy - imaging
51
lymphoma tx
chemotherapy
52
kaposi sarcoma category
neoplastic
53
kaposi sarcoma etiology
- vascular malignancy - caused by infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)
54
kaposi sarcoma demographics
- most commonly seen in patients with AIDS in the US - classic form seen in Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, and central equatorial Africa - endemic form seen in Africa - Iatrogenic form seen in recipients of solid organ transplants - 90% in men
55
kaposi sarcoma clinical presentation
- multiple blue-purple macules, plaques, and nodules on the face and oral mucosa - predilection for hard palate, gingiva, and tongue
56
kaposi sarcoma diagnosis
biopsy
57
kaposi sarcoma tx
varies, but usually involves management of underlying AIDS (if applicable) and possibly chemotherapy
58
metastatic tumor category
neoplastic
59
metastatic tumor etiology
spread of malignancy from another site
60
metastatic tumor demographics
- middle aged and older adults with cancer - men (lung, renal, melanoma) - women (breast, genital, renal, lung)
61
metastatic tumor clinical presentation
- nodular soft tissue mass resembling hyperplastic or reactive growth - more than 50% on the gingiva - in 25% of patients, the primary malignancy is not diagnosed at time of oral metastasis presentation
62
metastatic tumor diagnosis
biopsy
63
metastatic tumor tx
- management of primary malignancy
64
metastatic tumor prognosis
poor
65
thyroid gland enlargement category
- metabolic - immune-mediated - or neoplastic
66
thyroid gland enlargement etiology
- goiter (most common) - thyroid adenoma (benign) - thyroid carcinoma (malignant) - graves disease* - Hashimoto's thyroiditis* *more likely to be symptomatic
67
thyroid gland enlargement clinical presentation
mass in the anterior midline of the neck
68
graves disease is aka
hyperthyroidism
69
graves disease clinical presentation
- diffuse thyroid enlargement - weight loss despite increased appetite - tachycardia - excessive perspiration - warm, smooth skin - tremors - exophthalmos
70
hashimoto's thyroiditis is aka
hypothyroidism
71
hashimoto's thyroiditis clinical presentation
- lethargy - dry, course skin - swelling of face and extremities - huskiness of voice - constipation - bradycardia - hypothermia
72
thyroid gland enlargement diagnosis
- fine needle aspiration (FNA) - imaging - bloodword
73
thyroid gland enlargement tx
varies based on etiology
74
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors category
neoplastic
75
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors etiology
odontogenic neoplasms --> peripheral ameloblastoma --> peripheral calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor --> etc.
76
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors demographics
broad
77
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors clinical presentation
soft tissue mass of the gingiva
78
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors diagnosis
biopsy
79
peripheral odontogenic cysts/tumors tx
excisional biopsy
80

Oral pathology (7 decks)

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