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Soft tissue masses 1 Flashcards

1
Q

describe epithelial originated lesions

A
  • arise from epithelium (surface)
  • white, red, or mixed
  • smooth, rough, or papillary
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2
Q

describe mesenchymal lesions

A
  • arise from connective tissue (deeper)
  • mass under normal-appearing epthelium
  • often smooth
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3
Q

fibroma category

A

injury

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4
Q

fibroma etiology

A

reactive hyperplasia of fibrous tissue in response to trauma

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5
Q

fibroma demographics

A
  • broad demographic range
  • most common “tumor” of the oral cavity
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6
Q

fibroma clinical presentation

A
  • smooth-surface pink nodule similar in color to surround mucosa
  • sessile or pedunculated
  • common on buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, and gingiva
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7
Q

fibroma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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8
Q

fibroma tx

A

excisional biopsy

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9
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma category

A

injury

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10
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma etiology

A

uncertain, but understood to be a reactive process

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11
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma demographics

A
  • teenagers and young adults
  • female predilection
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12
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma clinical presentation

A
  • nodular, red/pink mass
  • may have ulcerated surface (yellow)
  • occurs exclusively on the gingiva
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13
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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14
Q

peripheral ossifying fibroma tx

A
  • excisional biopsy
  • remove any local irritants (plaque and calculus)
  • can recur
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15
Q

pyogenic granuloma category

A

injury

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16
Q

pyogenic granuloma etiology

A

exuberant tissue response to local irritation, poor hygiene, or hormonal factors

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17
Q

pyogenic granuloma demographics

A
  • most common in children and young adults
  • female predilection
  • often develop in pregnant women
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18
Q

pyogenic granuloma clinical presentation

A
  • smooth or lobulated pink/red/purple mass
  • surface often ulcerated (yellow)
  • rapid growth
  • gingiva most common oral site
  • also common on lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa
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19
Q

pyogenic granuloma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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20
Q

pyogenic granuloma tx

A
  • excisional biopsy
  • remove any local irritants (plaque and calculus)
  • can recur
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21
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma category

A

injury

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22
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma etiology

A

reactive lesion caused by local irritation/trauma

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23
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma demographics

A

broad demographic range

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24
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma clinical presentation

A
  • red/blue nodular mass
  • occurs exclusively on gingiva or edentulous alveolar ridge
  • may produce “cupping” resorption of alveolar bone
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25
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma diagnosis

A

biopsy

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26
Q

peripheral giant cell granuloma tx

A
  • excisional biopsy
  • remove any local irritants (plaque and calculus)
  • can recur
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27
Q

differential diagnosis for localized gingival mass remember what?

A

the four P’s

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28
Q

what are the four P’s?

A
  • “Plain” fibroma
  • Peripheral ossifying fibroma
  • Pyogenic granuloma
  • Peripheral giant cell granulomas
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29
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia category

A

injury

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30
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia etiology

A
  • tumor-like hyperplasia of inflamed fibrous CT
  • often secondary to ill-fitting dentures
31
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia demographics

A

middle-aged and older adults

32
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia clinical presentation

A
  • firm folds of hyperplastic tissue
  • can be pedunculated (leaf-like) or nodular
  • most often in alveolar vestibule
33
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia diagnosis

34
Q

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia tx

A
  • excisional biopsy
  • remove source of irritation
35
Q

mucocele category

36
Q

mucocele etiology

A

rupture of salivary gland duct and spillage of mucin

37
Q

mucocele demographics

A

more common in children and young adults

38
Q

mucocele clinical presentation

A
  • dome-shaped swelling
  • often bluish hue
  • fluctuant to firm texture
  • can rupture, release fluid, and recur
  • lower labial mucosa most common site
39
Q

mucocele diganosis

A

biopsy (salivary gland neoplasms can mimic mucoceles)

40
Q

mucocele tx

A
  • may heal spontaneously
  • excisional biopsy and removal of feeding salivary glands
41
Q

what is a ranula

A

mucocele occurring on the floor of the mouth

42
Q

where won’t a mucocele occur?

A

anywhere with out salivary glands

43
Q

sialolith category

44
Q

sialolith eiology

A

deposition of calcium salt around nidus of debris in salivary duct

45
Q

sialolith demographics

A

most common in young and middle-aged adults

46
Q

sialolith clinical presentation

A
  • hard submucosal mass
  • radiopaque mass on radiograph
  • can cause episodic pain
  • often in submandibular gland duct system, upper lip, or buccal mucosa
47
Q

sialolith diagnosis

A

clinical and radiograph presentation

48
Q

sialolith tx

A
  • massage out of duct
  • stimulate salivary flow and apply moist heat
  • surgical intervention
49
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy category

A

infectious

50
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy etiology

A

reaction to infection (viral, bacterial, fungal)

51
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy demographics

A

common in all age groups

52
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy clinical presentation

A
  • enlarged, tender lymph nodes
  • mobile upon palpation
  • accompanying symptoms of infection (fever, sore throat, fatigue)
53
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy diagnosis

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • lab tests
  • biopsy if persistant
54
Q

reactive lymphadenopathy tx

A

often self-limiting, resolves with treatment of underlying condition

55
Q

what are the functions of lymphoid tissues

A
  • recognize, and process foreign antigens (viral, bacterial, fungal)
  • respond to antigenic challenges
    —-> lymphoid cells proliferate, causing lymphoid hyperplasia
56
Q

where are the head and neck locations of lymphoid tissues

A
  • cervical LNs
  • lymphoid tissue of Waldeyer’s Ring (tonsils)
  • scattered lymphoid aggregates (oropharynx, soft palate, lateral tongue, floor of mouth)
57
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy category

A

neoplastic

58
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy etiology

A
  • direct spread from a primary cancer (metastasis)
  • lymphoproliferative disorders (lymphoma, leukemia)
59
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy demographics

A

more common in middle-aged and elderly

60
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy clinical presentation

A
  • firm, non-tender LNs
  • may feel fixed or matted to underlying tissue
  • typically unilateral
  • may have “B symptoms” (night sweats, fever, weight loss)
61
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy diagnosis

A
  • imaging
  • lab tests
  • biopsy
62
Q

lymphadenopathy secondary to malignancy tx

A

treat underlying malignancy

63
Q

palatal abscess category

A

infectious

64
Q

palatal abscess etiology

A
  • caries, perio disease, or trauma
  • accumulation of acute inflammatory cells
65
Q

palatal abscess demographics

A

broad range

66
Q

palatal abscess clinical presentation

A
  • soft tissue swelling on the hard palate
  • associated with a nonvital tooth
  • often painful
67
Q

palatal abscess diagnosis

A
  • vitality testing
  • imaging (periapical RL)
68
Q

palatal abscess tx

A
  • test source of infection (RCT or EXT)
    —-> if EXT, submit any soft tissue removed for histo exam
  • monitor for improvement
69
Q

parulis category

A

infectious

70
Q

parulis etiology

A
  • caries, perio disease, or trauma
  • inflammatory cells perforate through epithelium and drain through intraoral sinus
71
Q

parulis demographics

72
Q

parulis clinical presentation

A
  • yellow-red nodule on gingiva or in vestibule
  • associated with nonvital tooth
  • usually asymptomatic
73
Q

parulis diagnosis

A
  • vitality testing
  • imaging (periapical RL)
74
Q

parulis tx

A
  • treat source of infection (RCT or EXT)
    —-> if EXT, submit any soft tissue removed for histo exam
  • monitor for improvement

Oral pathology (7 decks)

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