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Pedo > Soft Tissue Lesions Children > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Lesions Children Flashcards

1
Q

Presentation of leukodema

A

Diffuse, filmy, white wrinkled mucosa

Bilateral

Disappears when tissue is stretched

Asymptomatic

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2
Q

Location and origin of bohns nodules

A

Junction of hard and soft palate, or vestibular region

Epithelial remnants of minor salivary glands

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3
Q

Location and origin of Epstein pearls

A

Mid palatal raphe

Epithelium entrapment between palatal shelves

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4
Q

Treatment for dental lamia cyst

A

Spontaneously resolves, treatment not needed

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5
Q

Location of dental lamina cyst

A

Crest of alveolar ridge

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6
Q

Describe eruption cyst

A 
Soft
Fluctuant 
Sessile
Dome shaped
Translucent swelling 
Overlying erupting tooth 
May appear blue/blue black when filled with blood
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7
Q

Treatment of eruption cyst

A

Naturally marsupialises when tooth erupts through gingiva

If symptomatic, simple removal of roof of cyst

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8
Q

Effects of ankyloglossia

A

Breast feeding difficulties
Restriction of tongue movement
Gingival recession
Controversially, affect speech and malocclusion

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9
Q

2 year old with ankyloglossia has trouble speaking, what should you do

A

Send to speech therapist

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10
Q

Behaviour of infantile hemangioma

A

Rapid endothelial cell proliferation in first 3-5 months, rapid involution follows

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11
Q

Infantile vs congenital hemangioma

A

Congenital hemangioma fully developed at birth, grows proportionally with child vs rapid growth and involution of infantile

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12
Q

capillary malformation over time

A

Growth commensurately with child

Darkens, may become nodular

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13
Q

Venous malformation common location

A

Vermillion borders, tongue, face, ears

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14
Q

Describe venous malformation

A

Non pulsatile
Grow proportionately with child
Blanch under pressure
Easily compressible

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15
Q

What form of lymphatic malformation more common in oral cavity

A

Microcytic form

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16
Q

Common location for microcytic lymphatic malformation

A

Tongue, followed by buccal mucosa

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17
Q

Presentation of AV malformation

A

Warm, pulsatile

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18
Q

Factors that accelerate growth of vascular malformations

A

Trauma, puberty, pregnancy

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19
Q

Clinical presentation of congenital epulis

A

Smooth surfaced, mucosal coloured, single, firm, round, mass

Usually on anterior maxillary alveolar ridge

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20
Q

Treatment of congenital epulis

A

Surgical excision, recurrence unlikely

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21
Q

Target of HSV 1 and 2

A

Mucoepithelial
HSV 1 - oral
HSV 2 - genital

22
Q

How is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis spread

A

Predominantly through contact with infected saliva or active perioral lesions

23
Q

Timeline of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

5-7 days incubation —> 1-2 days prodromal (fever, malaise, headache, nausea). Prodromal signs 12-24 hours before oral lesions appear —> vesiculation —> ulceration —> symptoms reduce on the 6th day, fever fall on 3rd day —> heal in 10-14 days

24
Q

Presentation of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A

Vesicles rupture to form pseudomembranous ulcers which may coalesce to form ulcer crops

Gingiva is enlarged, erythematous, painful

Ulcers on soft palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of mouth, gingiva

Affect keratinised and non keratinised tissue

25
Q

Management of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

A 
Symptomatic care — pyretic, analgesics
Oral fluids to prevent dehydration 
Acyclovir within 72 hours of infection for severe cases/immunosuppressed patients
Cool food and drinks, soft diet
0.2% chlorhexidine rinse if tolerated
26
Q

Secondary HSV affects

A

Keratinised tissue only

27
Q

What virus causes hfmd

A

Coxsackie a16, enterovirus 71

28
Q

Presentation of hfmd

A

Low grade fever
Anorexia, malaise
Widespread, shallow aphthous like ulcers
Macules, papules, vesicles on extensor surfaces of hands and feet

29
Q

What virus causes herpangina

A

Coxsackie a1-a6, a10

30
Q

Clinical presentation of herpangina

A

HIGH grade fever
Anorexia, malaise
Widespread shallow ulcers on posterior of oral cavity eg anterior pillars, soft palate, tonsils

Resolves in 7-10 days

31
Q

Which HPV strains causes oral warts and cancer

A

Oral warts: 6, 11, 16

Cancer:16, 18, 31

32
Q

HPV vaccine covers which strains

A

6, 11, 16, 18

33
Q

Management of superficial fungal infections

A

Antifungal therapy eg clotrimazole, nyastatin

OH

Wash utensils carefully after meal and store in antiseptic solution

Address underlying cause eg immunosuppression if any

34
Q

Presentation of VZV

A

Painless vesicles that rupture to form ulcers

Fever, malaise, pharyngitis, rhinitis

35
Q

Complications of VZV

A

Reye’s syndrome due to concomitant aspirin use in children under 12

Encephalitis

Pneumonia

36
Q

EBV associated with

A

Infectious mononucleosis, OHL, BL, NPC, NHL

37
Q

In immunosuppressed, lesions tend to be

A

Atypical looking
More widespread
Get systemic spread of infection

38
Q

Kaposi sarcoma lesions

A

Brown/reddish purple macular lesions that do not blanch with pressure

39
Q

Treatment of linea alba

A

No intervention required

Remove irritation if possible

40
Q

Presentation of mucocele

A 
Localised
Compressible 
Fluid filled, fluctuant
Smooth 
Translucent to blue surface 
May be tender
41
Q

Management of mucocele

A

Leave alone in <5mm in child, ask child to stop biting it

> 5mm may want to do excisional biopsy

Must remove all salivary glands along line of incision if not mucocele may form again

42
Q

Types of recurrent aphthous ulceration

A

Minor 3-10mm
Major 1-3cm
Herpetiform 1-3mm, cluster

43
Q

Treatment of RAU

A

Symptomatic treatment
Topical steroids
Eliminate triggering events eg allergies, stress, nutritional deficiencies

44
Q

Benign migratory glossitis is characterised by

A

Migrating well demarcated areas of erythema surrounded partially or completely by elevated white scalloped borders. Due to atrophy of filiform papillae

45
Q

Benign migratory glossitis commonly located at

A

Anterior 2/3 of tongue

46
Q

Erythema multiforme is a type what hypersensitivity rxn

A

III

47
Q

Erythema multiforme triggered by

A

Preceding infection eg HSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae

Drugs

48
Q

Clinical presentation of erythema multiforme

A

Acute onset
Self limiting
Erythematous patches become large shallow erosions ad ulceration with irregular borders
Target lesions form on skin

49
Q

4Ps for fibromas/granulomas in the oral cavity

A

Pyogenic granuloma
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
Peripheral giant cell fibroma
Peripheral fibroma

50
Q

Medication that can cause gingi cal enlargement

A

Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Calcium channel blocker

51
Q

Behaviour of MNET

A

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy

Rapidly growing, can infiltrate and destroy adjacent structures

Pedo (12 decks)

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