Soft Tissue Lesions Children Flashcards by Kaley Tan

Presentation of leukodema

Diffuse, filmy, white wrinkled mucosa

Bilateral

Disappears when tissue is stretched

Asymptomatic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Location and origin of bohns nodules

Junction of hard and soft palate, or vestibular region

Epithelial remnants of minor salivary glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Location and origin of Epstein pearls

Mid palatal raphe

Epithelium entrapment between palatal shelves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment for dental lamia cyst

Spontaneously resolves, treatment not needed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Location of dental lamina cyst

Crest of alveolar ridge

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe eruption cyst

Soft
Fluctuant 
Sessile
Dome shaped
Translucent swelling 
Overlying erupting tooth 
May appear blue/blue black when filled with blood

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment of eruption cyst

Naturally marsupialises when tooth erupts through gingiva

If symptomatic, simple removal of roof of cyst

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Effects of ankyloglossia

Breast feeding difficulties
Restriction of tongue movement
Gingival recession
Controversially, affect speech and malocclusion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

2 year old with ankyloglossia has trouble speaking, what should you do

Send to speech therapist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Behaviour of infantile hemangioma

Rapid endothelial cell proliferation in first 3-5 months, rapid involution follows

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Infantile vs congenital hemangioma

Congenital hemangioma fully developed at birth, grows proportionally with child vs rapid growth and involution of infantile

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

capillary malformation over time

Growth commensurately with child

Darkens, may become nodular

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Venous malformation common location

Vermillion borders, tongue, face, ears

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe venous malformation

Non pulsatile
Grow proportionately with child
Blanch under pressure
Easily compressible

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What form of lymphatic malformation more common in oral cavity

Microcytic form

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Common location for microcytic lymphatic malformation

Tongue, followed by buccal mucosa

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Presentation of AV malformation

Warm, pulsatile

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Factors that accelerate growth of vascular malformations

Trauma, puberty, pregnancy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clinical presentation of congenital epulis

Smooth surfaced, mucosal coloured, single, firm, round, mass

Usually on anterior maxillary alveolar ridge

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Treatment of congenital epulis

Surgical excision, recurrence unlikely

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Target of HSV 1 and 2

Mucoepithelial
HSV 1 - oral
HSV 2 - genital

How is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis spread

Predominantly through contact with infected saliva or active perioral lesions

Timeline of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

5-7 days incubation —> 1-2 days prodromal (fever, malaise, headache, nausea). Prodromal signs 12-24 hours before oral lesions appear —> vesiculation —> ulceration —> symptoms reduce on the 6th day, fever fall on 3rd day —> heal in 10-14 days

Presentation of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Vesicles rupture to form pseudomembranous ulcers which may coalesce to form ulcer crops

Gingiva is enlarged, erythematous, painful

Ulcers on soft palate, buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of mouth, gingiva

Affect keratinised and non keratinised tissue

Management of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

``` Symptomatic care — pyretic, analgesics Oral fluids to prevent dehydration Acyclovir within 72 hours of infection for severe cases/immunosuppressed patients Cool food and drinks, soft diet 0.2% chlorhexidine rinse if tolerated ```

Secondary HSV affects

Keratinised tissue only

What virus causes hfmd

Coxsackie a16, enterovirus 71

Presentation of hfmd

Low grade fever Anorexia, malaise Widespread, shallow aphthous like ulcers Macules, papules, vesicles on extensor surfaces of hands and feet

What virus causes herpangina

Coxsackie a1-a6, a10

Clinical presentation of herpangina

HIGH grade fever Anorexia, malaise Widespread shallow ulcers on posterior of oral cavity eg anterior pillars, soft palate, tonsils Resolves in 7-10 days

Which HPV strains causes oral warts and cancer

Oral warts: 6, 11, 16 | Cancer:16, 18, 31

HPV vaccine covers which strains

6, 11, 16, 18

Management of superficial fungal infections

Antifungal therapy eg clotrimazole, nyastatin OH Wash utensils carefully after meal and store in antiseptic solution Address underlying cause eg immunosuppression if any

Presentation of VZV

Painless vesicles that rupture to form ulcers Fever, malaise, pharyngitis, rhinitis

Complications of VZV

Reye’s syndrome due to concomitant aspirin use in children under 12 Encephalitis Pneumonia

EBV associated with

Infectious mononucleosis, OHL, BL, NPC, NHL

In immunosuppressed, lesions tend to be

Atypical looking More widespread Get systemic spread of infection

Kaposi sarcoma lesions

Brown/reddish purple macular lesions that do not blanch with pressure

Treatment of linea alba

No intervention required Remove irritation if possible

Presentation of mucocele

``` Localised Compressible Fluid filled, fluctuant Smooth Translucent to blue surface May be tender ```

Management of mucocele

Leave alone in <5mm in child, ask child to stop biting it >5mm may want to do excisional biopsy Must remove all salivary glands along line of incision if not mucocele may form again

Types of recurrent aphthous ulceration

Minor 3-10mm Major 1-3cm Herpetiform 1-3mm, cluster

Treatment of RAU

Symptomatic treatment Topical steroids Eliminate triggering events eg allergies, stress, nutritional deficiencies

Benign migratory glossitis is characterised by

Migrating well demarcated areas of erythema surrounded partially or completely by elevated white scalloped borders. Due to atrophy of filiform papillae

Benign migratory glossitis commonly located at

Anterior 2/3 of tongue

Erythema multiforme is a type what hypersensitivity rxn

III

Erythema multiforme triggered by

Preceding infection eg HSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae Drugs

Clinical presentation of erythema multiforme

Acute onset Self limiting Erythematous patches become large shallow erosions ad ulceration with irregular borders Target lesions form on skin

4Ps for fibromas/granulomas in the oral cavity

Pyogenic granuloma Peripheral ossifying fibroma Peripheral giant cell fibroma Peripheral fibroma

Medication that can cause gingi cal enlargement

Cyclosporine Phenytoin Calcium channel blocker

Behaviour of MNET

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy Rapidly growing, can infiltrate and destroy adjacent structures