Diet and Nutrition

Question 1

definition of nutrition

Answer 1

science of how body uses food to meet its requirements

Question 2

definition of diet

Answer 2

pattern of individual food intake, eating habits, kinds and amounts of food eaten

Question 3

definition of dietary reference intakes

Answer 3

set of reference values used to plan and assess nutrient intakes of healthy value

Question 4

definition of recommended dietary allowance

Answer 4

recommended daily level of nutrients to meet the nutritional needs of nearly all healthy individuals in a particular age and gender group

Question 5

what is the healthy range of bmi

Answer 5

18.5-24.9

Question 6

serving size of 
meat
milk 
vegetable
fruit

Answer 6

meat 65-100g cooked
milk 250ml/1 cup
vegetable 75gm
fruit 150gm

Question 7

newborn energy requirement is how many times that of an adult

Answer 7

3-4x

Question 8

why is breast milk more suitable for young infant than cows milk

Answer 8

breast milk contains lower protein and mineral content, hence lower solute load for immature kidnet

passive immunity

other nutrients eg essential fatty acids

confer protection against DM, infections

Question 9

relationship between cancer and dietary factors

Answer 9

increased nitrate and salt intake increase risk of stomach, nasopharyngeal, oral ca

increased alcohol consumption increase risk of oral ca

Question 10

calcium deficiency in developing child results in

Answer 10

incomplete calcification of teeth

osteoporosis

tooth and bone malformations

Question 11

phosphorus deficiency in developing child results in

Answer 11

incomplete calcification of teeth

osteomalacia

osteo porosis

Question 12

affected taste can be a result of what vitamin deficiency

Answer 12

vitamin A deficiency result in taste disturbance

thiamin vit b1 deficiency result in taste loss

Question 13

vitamin a deficiency results in

Answer 13

impaired hearing, taste disturbances, xerostomia, desquamation of oral mucosa

Question 14

excess vitamin d result in

Answer 14

pulp calcification and enamel hypoplasia

Question 15

importance of diet consistency and texture to dental in children

Answer 15

firm diet aids proper growth of mandible, maxilla, tooth eruption

Question 16

malnutrition results in what dental effect

Answer 16

delayed tooth development and eruption

enamel hypoplasia and hypomaturation

Question 17

protein deficiency dental impact

Answer 17

affect tooth size and eruption sequence

affect salivary gland formation and function, affecting salivary flow rate

Question 18

factors affecting oral clearance of food

Answer 18

physical properties of food eg consistency, texture

salivary flow

Question 19

nutritional considerations for special needs children

Answer 19

host
- pre eruptive impact on dental structures eg hypoplastic enamel

environmental

• diet eg increased nutritional risk
• priority in overall care
• medical therapies impact diet and nutrition

bacterial changes in oral flora eg due to hyposalivation

socioeconomic burden, parental indulgence

Question 20

Magnesium deficiency

Answer 20

Risk of osteoporosis, alveolar bone fragility

Question 21

Iron deficiency

Answer 21

Anemia

Question 22

Zinc deficiency

Answer 22

Loss/distortion of taste and smell, delayed wound healing, atrophic oral mucosa

Question 23

Excess zinc

Answer 23

GI disturbance, vomiting, dizziness, lack of muscle coordination

Question 24

Excess copper

Answer 24

Wilson’s disease, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 25

Vitamin d deficiency

Answer 25

Osteo malacia, incomplete calcification of teeth and alveolar bone

Question 26

Which supplements have small range of safety

Answer 26

Vitamin a and d

Mineral supplements narrower range of safety than vitamins

Question 27

Why do pregnant women take folic acid

Answer 27

Women who took folic acid antagonists had children with clefts. Folic acid prevent neural tube defect embryogenically related to clefts

Question 28

Excess vitamin a

Answer 28

Oral cleft (inconclusive)
Teratogenic