Soft Tissue Flashcards
Reactive Process; due to chronic irritation or trauma; commonly along the occlusal plane of the buccal mucosa; well-circumscribed, slowly growing, polyp; firm or spongy; may be ulcerated; fixed to mucosa; asymptomatic
Irritation fibroma
Neoplastic pluripotential development pattern of fibroblasts; retrocuspid papilla of Hirshfield (between free gingiva and mucogingival line)
Giant cell fibroma
Teenagers and young adults; bosselated or papillary surface; sessile or pedunculated base; gingiva>tongue>palate>buccal mucosa; Mandibular gingiva 2:1 over maxillary
Giant cell fibroma
Caused by irritation from ill-fitting denture; rolls of tissue associated with a denture flange; slowly growing, firm or compressible; lesion will not completely resolve by just removing denture
Epulis fissuratum
Reactive lesion; Only on gingiva; fixed mucosa, frequently ulcerated; firm, well-circumscribed; more common in adolescents and young adults; recurs in up to 20% of cases
Peripheral ossifying fibroma
Reactive; exuberant granulation tissue anywhere on body; most common on gingiva; often ulcerated; common during pregnancy and puberty
Pyogenic granuloma
Initially may have a rapid/alarming growth rate; very vascular: red or blue color, easily bleeds, may blanche upon pressure, compressible, spongy
Pyogenic granuloma
Reactive; Located only on gingiva most frequently anterior to the molars; fixed to mucosa
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Vascular: red or blue/purple in color; easily bleeds; firm to palpation, may blanche upon pressure; often ulcerated; handful reported associated with hyperparathyroidism
Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Reactive proliferation of neural tissue after transection or damage of a nerve bundle; growth of axons through a tube of proliferating Schwann cells
Traumatic neuroma
Non-ulcerated nodules; most common in the mental foramen area, tongue, and lower lip; frequently a hx of trauma
Traumatic neuroma
Benign neoplasm of Schwann cells (myelin sheath around nerve axons); slow growing; firm and nonpainful; may be freely moveable
Schwannoma
Palisading nuclei; Verocay bodies (Antoni A-cellular; Antoni B-hypocellular); S-100 protein positivity
Schwannoma
Benign nerve sheath tumor in peripheral nervous system; 90% are stand-alone- the remainder are found in persons with NF1; von Recklinghausen
Neurofibroma
Fixed to the skin, surface mucosa and/or deep structures; firm or compressible, slowly growing and nonpainful; solitary or part of NF1
Neurofibroma
Six or more cafe-au-lait spots; two or more neurofibroma; axillary or inguinal freckling; two or more Lisch nodules
Neurofibromatosis
Elongated cells with wavy nuclei (“jumping dolphins”); S-100 or silver stain
Neurofibroma
Neural tissue origin can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, tongue-most common site; firm, slowly growing; fixed to surrounding structures; hyperplasia of overlying epithelium resulting in a rough surface
Granular cell tumor
Large cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm; pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of overlying stratified squamous epithelium; can have demoplastic changes
Granular cell tumor
Seen in newborns; Mesenchymal tissue- protruding mass from the alveolar ridge; female predilection; maxillary ridge is most common; feeding and/or respiratory problems
Congenital epulis of the newborn
Histo- appear idential to granular cell tumor; no pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia; s-100 positive; vimentin poisitive
Congenital epulis of the newborn
Broad group of benign vascular tumors; most common soft tissue tumor of childhood; most common parotid tumor of children; adult tumors are smaller
Hemangioma and vascular malformation
Subtypes: capillary (most common), juvenile (cellular), cavernous, vascular malformation; flat red-blue to red and exophytic; plump endothelial cells forming lumina; may regress spontaneously
Hemangioma and vascular malformation
Benign developmental malformation of lymph vessels; neck is most common site; intraoral-tongue; pebbly surface-compressible mass; then walled lymph vessels around normal structures
Lymphangioma
Syndrome association: Turner, Noonan, Trisomies; 3 types: capillary (small thin walled lymphatics), cavernous (larger channels with thickened lining), cystic hygroma (macroscopic spaces dissecting collagen and muscle)
Lymphangioma
Benign neoplasm composed of mature adipose tissue; most lesions are solitary; most apparent in older age groups; some familial forms
Lipoma
Slowly growing, spongy or compressible; may be freely-moveable; Superficial-most common in upper back, neck and shoulder; Deep- forehead and scalp
Lipoma
Malignant tumors of epithelial origin
carcinomas
Malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin
sarcomas
Malignancy of striated muscle; most common soft tissue sarcoma of children and young adults; rapid growth; slight male predominance
Rhabdomyosarcoma
4 subtypes: embryonal (head/neck, GU tract, retroperitoneum); botryoid (vagina, urinary bladder, nasal cavity); alveolar (extremities, head and neck); pleomorphic (extremities)
Rhabdomyosarcoma
