Soft Tissue

Question 1

Reactive Process; due to chronic irritation or trauma; commonly along the occlusal plane of the buccal mucosa; well-circumscribed, slowly growing, polyp; firm or spongy; may be ulcerated; fixed to mucosa; asymptomatic

Answer 1

Irritation fibroma

Question 2

Neoplastic pluripotential development pattern of fibroblasts; retrocuspid papilla of Hirshfield (between free gingiva and mucogingival line)

Answer 2

Giant cell fibroma

Question 3

Teenagers and young adults; bosselated or papillary surface; sessile or pedunculated base; gingiva>tongue>palate>buccal mucosa; Mandibular gingiva 2:1 over maxillary

Answer 3

Giant cell fibroma

Question 4

Caused by irritation from ill-fitting denture; rolls of tissue associated with a denture flange; slowly growing, firm or compressible; lesion will not completely resolve by just removing denture

Answer 4

Epulis fissuratum

Question 5

Reactive lesion; Only on gingiva; fixed mucosa, frequently ulcerated; firm, well-circumscribed; more common in adolescents and young adults; recurs in up to 20% of cases

Answer 5

Peripheral ossifying fibroma

Question 6

Reactive; exuberant granulation tissue anywhere on body; most common on gingiva; often ulcerated; common during pregnancy and puberty

Answer 6

Pyogenic granuloma

Question 7

Initially may have a rapid/alarming growth rate; very vascular: red or blue color, easily bleeds, may blanche upon pressure, compressible, spongy

Answer 7

Pyogenic granuloma

Question 8

Reactive; Located only on gingiva most frequently anterior to the molars; fixed to mucosa

Answer 8

Peripheral giant cell granuloma

Question 9

Vascular: red or blue/purple in color; easily bleeds; firm to palpation, may blanche upon pressure; often ulcerated; handful reported associated with hyperparathyroidism

Answer 9

Peripheral giant cell granuloma

Question 10

Reactive proliferation of neural tissue after transection or damage of a nerve bundle; growth of axons through a tube of proliferating Schwann cells

Answer 10

Traumatic neuroma

Question 11

Non-ulcerated nodules; most common in the mental foramen area, tongue, and lower lip; frequently a hx of trauma

Answer 11

Traumatic neuroma

Question 12

Benign neoplasm of Schwann cells (myelin sheath around nerve axons); slow growing; firm and nonpainful; may be freely moveable

Answer 12

Schwannoma

Question 13

Palisading nuclei; Verocay bodies (Antoni A-cellular; Antoni B-hypocellular); S-100 protein positivity

Answer 13

Schwannoma

Question 14

Benign nerve sheath tumor in peripheral nervous system; 90% are stand-alone- the remainder are found in persons with NF1; von Recklinghausen

Answer 14

Neurofibroma

Question 15

Fixed to the skin, surface mucosa and/or deep structures; firm or compressible, slowly growing and nonpainful; solitary or part of NF1

Answer 15

Neurofibroma

Question 16

Six or more cafe-au-lait spots; two or more neurofibroma; axillary or inguinal freckling; two or more Lisch nodules

Answer 16

Neurofibromatosis

Question 17

Elongated cells with wavy nuclei (“jumping dolphins”); S-100 or silver stain

Answer 17

Neurofibroma

Question 18

Neural tissue origin can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, tongue-most common site; firm, slowly growing; fixed to surrounding structures; hyperplasia of overlying epithelium resulting in a rough surface

Answer 18

Granular cell tumor

Question 19

Large cells with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm; pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of overlying stratified squamous epithelium; can have demoplastic changes

Answer 19

Granular cell tumor

Question 20

Seen in newborns; Mesenchymal tissue- protruding mass from the alveolar ridge; female predilection; maxillary ridge is most common; feeding and/or respiratory problems

Answer 20

Congenital epulis of the newborn

Question 21

Histo- appear idential to granular cell tumor; no pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia; s-100 positive; vimentin poisitive

Answer 21

Congenital epulis of the newborn

Question 22

Broad group of benign vascular tumors; most common soft tissue tumor of childhood; most common parotid tumor of children; adult tumors are smaller

Answer 22

Hemangioma and vascular malformation

Question 23

Subtypes: capillary (most common), juvenile (cellular), cavernous, vascular malformation; flat red-blue to red and exophytic; plump endothelial cells forming lumina; may regress spontaneously

Answer 23

Hemangioma and vascular malformation

Question 24

Benign developmental malformation of lymph vessels; neck is most common site; intraoral-tongue; pebbly surface-compressible mass; then walled lymph vessels around normal structures

Answer 24

Lymphangioma

Question 25

Syndrome association: Turner, Noonan, Trisomies; 3 types: capillary (small thin walled lymphatics), cavernous (larger channels with thickened lining), cystic hygroma (macroscopic spaces dissecting collagen and muscle)

Answer 25

Lymphangioma

Question 26

Benign neoplasm composed of mature adipose tissue; most lesions are solitary; most apparent in older age groups; some familial forms

Answer 26

Lipoma

Question 27

Slowly growing, spongy or compressible; may be freely-moveable; Superficial-most common in upper back, neck and shoulder; Deep- forehead and scalp

Answer 27

Lipoma

Question 28

Malignant tumors of epithelial origin

Answer 28

carcinomas

Question 29

Malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin

Answer 29

sarcomas

Question 30

Malignancy of striated muscle; most common soft tissue sarcoma of children and young adults; rapid growth; slight male predominance

Answer 30

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 31

4 subtypes: embryonal (head/neck, GU tract, retroperitoneum); botryoid (vagina, urinary bladder, nasal cavity); alveolar (extremities, head and neck); pleomorphic (extremities)

Answer 31

Rhabdomyosarcoma