Soft tissue Flashcards
injuries that can be self-inflicted, caused by another individual or entity, or caused by the environment
primary
injuries that are essentially inflammatory response that occurs with the primary injury
secondary
phases of healing
inflammatory
proliferative
remodeling
during this phase there is pain at rest, with active motion, and when specific stress is applied to the injured structure
inflammatory
inflammatory phase can last
1-6 days
characteristic changes during this phase include capillary growth, granulation tissue formation and fibroblast proliferation with collagen synthesis and increased macrophage and mast cell activity
proliferative phase
proliferative phase can last
5-15 days or up to 10 weeks
phase that involves a conversion of the initial healing tissue to scar tissue, lengthy phase of contraction, and increasing tensile strength in the wound lasts for up to a year
remodeling phase
acute stage guidelines for soft tissue massage
shortening/broadening techniques with active or passive pumping
sub acute stage guidelines for soft tissue massage
shortening/broadening techniques, begin lengthening just short of resistance, pumping with increase vigor
remodeling stage guidelines for soft tissue massage
muscle stretching, increase mobility to full range
generally strokes in the direction of the muscle fibers
strokes are light and superficial
hoffa massage
assess movement of skin around a focal point, assess quality of movement and end-feel
skin gliding
use 2 or 3 fingers or knuckles, follow muscle in parallel direction then hook restriction
J stroke
effective over bony prominences
skin rolling
performed on muscle belly or where 2 muscles meet, moderate to deep pressure along the muscle fibers
enables muscle elongation and reduction of tension
longitudinal stroking
useful to bring inflammation to area for healing, breaking adhesions, promote proper laying down of collagen fibers and decrease pain
movement is transverse or perpendicular to muscle fibers and deep
usually on tendons
cross fiber/cross friction massage
used to evaluate muscle mobility in relationship to surrounding structures
allows muscle bully to broaden/lengthen
the muscle is grasped with both hands, pushing with the thumbs while pulling downward with the finders
muscle bending
areas of tethered tissue resulting in adaptive shortening and muscle weakness
pt complains of areas of tightness and weakness, fatigue
myofascial release (MFR)
series of pulses in the body that ebb and flow
high rates of these pulses could indicate possible dysfunction, reason for fatigue and low immune responses
fluctuations are caused by changes in cerebral spinal fluid flow and pressure
craniosacral therapy
Use of diagonal patterns with a rotational component
stronger muscle facilitate weaker muscles
can be used with rhythmic stabilization and isometric contraction and different points in the ROM
movement therapy
Alexander movement therapy treatment steps
awareness of habit
inhibition of habit
conscious control of habit
Indirect treatment, good for acute or irritable conditions
strain-counterstrain
Based on strain-counterstrain, but positional release utilizes a facilitating force (compression) to enhance the effect of the position
positional release
Therapist applies pressure over adhesions in the tissue and the patient is asked to actively move the body part to elongate the muscle from a shortened position (3-5 times per treatment session)
active release technique
