sodium, potassium, calcium Flashcards
high sodium
Hypernatremia
water moves from Icf to Ecf
Hypernatremia
Swelling cell
hyponatremia
life-threatening
cerebral edema
decreased reflex
intracranial pressure
hyponatremia
Major intracellular cation.
potassium
essential for cardiac rhythms and nerve impulses
potassium
decrease in neuromuscular excitability
hypokalemia
muscle twitch low BP Anxiety EKG changes Diarrhea Abdominal cramps
hyperkalemia
hyperkalemia has what type of wave
wide and flat P
hypokalemia has what type of wave
Peak P and shallow/flat T
confusion and tetany
chvostek and Trousseau signs
increase in Neuromuscular excitability
hypocalcemia
fatigue, nausea, constipation, kidney stones
cardiac arrest
bone pain/ osteoporosis
hypercalcemia
major extracellular cation
sodium
histamine, Brady, Vasodilation
inflammation
OH- and H- maintain PH
The carbonic acid buffering system
buffering system