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SOCSCI + PSYCH > SOCSCI COLLATED > Flashcards

SOCSCI COLLATED Flashcards

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1
Q

Primary goal of this type of government is to govern through fair representation and prevent abuses of power.

A

Democracy

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2
Q

The result of this type of government is to satisfy the broadest possible number of public interests, leading to majority rule.

A

Democracy

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3
Q

A centralized form of government that is led by a single party and is often authoritarian in its rule.

A

Communism

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4
Q

States under this type of government replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of economic production.

A

Communism

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5
Q

A system wherein each person benefits from and contributes to the system according to their needs and ability.

A

Socialism

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6
Q

A system wherein citizens communally own the means of production and distribution of goods and services, while a centralized government manages it.

A

Socialism

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7
Q

A type of government wherein a collection of individuals rules over a nation.

A

Oligarchy

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8
Q

A type of government wherein there is a presence of authoritative rulers and an absence of democratic practices or individual rights.

A

Oligarchy

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9
Q

A type of government wherein a small, elite ruling class has power over those in the lower socioeconomic strata.

A

Aristocracy

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10
Q

A power system that appoints a person as head of state for life or until abdication and authority is traditionally passed down through a succession line related to one’s bloodline and birth order within the ruling royal family.

A

Monarchy

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11
Q

A type of monarchy wherein the monarch’s power is limited as outlined in a constitution.

A

Constitutional Monarchy

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12
Q

A form of government wherein a specific religious ideology determines the leadership, laws and customs.

A

Theocracy

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13
Q

A form of government wherein a nation extends its sovereignty over other territories.

A

Colonialism

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14
Q

This type of government often leads to ruling over indigenous populations and exploiting resources.

A

Colonialism

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15
Q

A totalitarian form of government wherein the ruling party recognized no limitations whatsoever on its power, including its citizens’ lives or rights.

A

Totalitarianism

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16
Q

A nation ruled by a single authority with absolute power in a time of upheavals; usually lead the nation’s armed forces, using it to establish their brand of law and order and suppress people’s rights.

A

Military Dictatorship

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17
Q

Father of Sociology; coined the term “positivism”.

A

Auguste Conte

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18
Q

It is the scientific study of social patterns.

A

Positivism

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19
Q

Co-authored the Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels.

A

Karl Marx

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20
Q

Rejected Conte’s positivism; Social Conflict Theory.

A

Karl Marx

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21
Q

Social Darwinism

A

Herbert Spencer

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22
Q

Laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life.

A

Social Facts

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23
Q

(Type of suicide) Individuals are too close and intimate, which results in the over-integration of individuals into social proof.

A

Altruistic Suicide

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24
Q

(Type of suicide) Man feels like he has no place in society.

A

Egoistic Suicide

25
Q

(Type of suicide) Occur due to the overregulation in society. (A/N: strict rules)

A

Fatalistic Suicide

26
Q

(Type of suicide) Due to a certain breakdown of social equilibrium. (A/N: Unexpected change occurred)

A

Anomic Suicide

27
Q

Proposed the four types of suicide.

A

Emile Durkheim

28
Q

Proposed the methodology of sociological research.

A

Max Weber

29
Q

To understand the social world from an insider’s point of view.

A

Verstehen

30
Q

Researchers should be subjective when they represent social processes, cultural norms, and societal values; social science may not be subject to the same methods of investigation as the natural world.

A

Antipositivism

31
Q

Developed the Sociological Imagination.

A

Wright Mills

32
Q

It is how individuals understand their own and others’ pasts in relation to history and social structure.

A

Sociological Imagination

33
Q

Sees society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make up that society.

A

Structural Functionalism

34
Q

Proponents of Structural Functionalism.

A

Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown

35
Q

States that society is made up of individuals who must compete for social, political, and material resources.

A

Conflict Theory

36
Q

Proponent of Conflict Theory

A

Karl Marx

37
Q

Believed that conflict must lead to revolution and collapse of capitalism.

A

Karl Marx

38
Q

Did not believe that conflict should lead to revolution; believed that there is more than one cause of conflict aside from economics.

A

Weber

39
Q

Exchange of meaning through language and symbols; is how people make sense of their social worlds.

A

Symbolic Interactionism

40
Q

Proponent of Symbolic Interactionism

A

George Mead

41
Q

Collection of data from subjects who respond to a series of questions about behaviors and opinions, often in the form of a questionnaire.

A

Survey

42
Q

One-on-one conversation between the researcher and the subject, and is a way of conducting surveys on a topic.

A

Interview

43
Q

Gathers primary data from the natural environment without doing laboratory experiments or surveys.

A

Field work

44
Q

Researchers join people and participate in a group’s routine activities for the purpose of observing them within that context.

A

Participant Observation

45
Q

Extended observation of the social perspective and cultural values of an entire social setting; involves objective observation of an entire community.

A

Ethnography

46
Q

In-depth analysis of a single event, situation, or individuals; researcher examines existing sources, conducts interviews, engages in direct observation, and even direct participant observation.

A

Case Study

47
Q

Type of experiment wherein research can be controlled.

A

Laboratory-based experiment

48
Q

Type of experiment wherein generation of data cannot be controlled but the information might be considered more accurate since it was collected without interference or intervention by the researcher.

A

Field-based experiment

49
Q

Evaluating and judging another culture based on how it compares to one’s own cultural norm. (One’s culture is better than others)

A

Ethnocentrism

50
Q

The practice of assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing it through the lens of one’s own culture.

A

Cultural Relativism

51
Q

Another culture is superior to one’s own.

A

Xenocentrism

52
Q

Culture’s standard for discerning what is good and just in society.

A

Values

53
Q

Standards society would like to embrace and live up to.

A

Ideal Culture

54
Q

Tenets or convictions that people hold to be true.

A

Beliefs

55
Q

How to behave in accordance with what society has defined as good, right, and important, and most members of the society adhere to them.

A

Norms

56
Q

(Type of norm) Established, written rules; are behaviors worked out and agreed upon in order to suit and serve the most people.

A

Formal Norm

57
Q

(Type of norm) Casual behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to; learned through observation, imitation, and general socialization.

A

Informal Norm

58
Q

Norms that embody the moral views and principles of a group.

A

Mores

SOCSCI + PSYCH (3 decks)

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