Socrates Flashcards

1
Q

How and when did Socrates die?

A
  • He was executed (poisoning)
  • 399 BC
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2
Q

What does Socrates’ trial and execution show about democracy and individual rights?

A

A majority have the capacity to act just like a tyrant.

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3
Q

What are the three primary aspects of Socrates’ Philosophy?

A
  • The Socratic Method
  • Socratic Wisdom
  • Examination of a Good Human Life
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4
Q

Define Ethics.

A

The study of how to live well as a human being.

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5
Q

What was Socrates’ question regarding Ethics?

A

How does one live the ‘best’ possible life? Specifically, a ‘good’ life, not a moral one.

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6
Q

What is Subjectivism?

A

The argument that in order to have a good life one must satisfy their desires.

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7
Q

What is Eudaimonism?

A

The argument that in order to have a good life one must be mature and virtuous.

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8
Q

What does Eudaimonia mean?

A

This word means: genuine/true happiness.

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9
Q

What are the general arguments for Subjectivism?

A

Everyone is different, therefore, has different needs. Happiness is not a size fits all.
We haven’t come up with an objective answer for human happiness yet after decades of pondering. We would’ve gotten it by now. (Interminable Disagreement)

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10
Q

What is The Socratic Method? What is its purpose?

A
  • The Socratic Method is in which one asks another a series of questions and answers that leads to a contradiction.
  • The Socratic Method does not create any new/positive knowledge and instead tries to highlight one’s ignorance.
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11
Q

What is Socratic Wisdom?

A

Realizing one is not wise and in fact is ignorant.

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12
Q

Why is it so easy for Socrates to lead people into contradiction?

A
  • They are not wise
  • They believe they are wise
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13
Q

What does Plato’s allegory of the cave symbolize in Socrates’ trial?

A
  • Prisoners: Jury
  • Chains : Older accusers:- Aristophanes
  • Shadows: Appearance: “Socrates is a persuasive liar”
  • Statues: Reality: Socrates is not persuasive because he tells the truth
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14
Q

What are the three mental faculties within the human mind according to Plato?

A
  • Reason
  • Spirited
  • Appetite (Appetitive)
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15
Q

What are the three mental faculties’ carnal desires?

A

Reason: wants knowledge
Spirited: wants the recognition of your dignity
Appetite: wants immediate pleasure

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16
Q

What are the four cardinal virtues and which one cannot happen without the other 3?

A
  • Wisdom
  • Courage
  • Temperance
  • Justice
17
Q

What is the name of Socrates’ old accuser?
What is the name of his new accuser?

A
  • Aristophanes
  • Meletus
18
Q

What was the oracle’s puzzle? How does Socrates solve it?

A
  • The wisest man in Athens is Socrates, but Socrates is not wise
  • He may not be wise, but since he understands that he is not wise, that makes him more wise than the people of Athens who think they are