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Forensic > Sociomedical Toxicology > Flashcards

Sociomedical Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of poison is Datura fastuosa?

A

It’s a deliriant

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2
Q

Three varieties of datura plant

A
  1. Datura Alba
  2. Datura Niger
  3. Datura Stramonium
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3
Q

In ayurveda what is datura plant used for?

A

Asthma and allergic diseases

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4
Q

What is the active principles in datura

A

Alkaloids

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5
Q

Alkaloids (active principles) present in datura

A
  1. Atropine
  2. Hyoscine (scopolamine)
  3. Hyoscyamine
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6
Q

MOA of datura

A

The alkaloids first stimulate the higher centres of the brain, then motor centres and cause depression and paralysis of vital centres of medulla

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7
Q

How is a person with datura poisoning described as

A

Dry as a bone
Hot as a hare
Blind as a bat
Red as a beet

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8
Q

What is corn picker’s pupil

A

Pupils will be dilated with loss of accommodation for near vision . Seen in datura poisoning

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9
Q

Where is corn picker’s pupil seen in

A

Datura poisoning

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10
Q

Signs and symptoms of datura poisoning

A

Dryness of mouth and throat
Dysarthria
Dysphagia
Dry hot skin
Dilation of cutaneous vessels, pupils , diplopia
Dysuria
Drunken gait
Delirium

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11
Q

Delirium Seen in datura poisoning

A

There maybe incoherence of speech - muttering delirium
He may exhibit typical pill rolling movements
May pick at bed cloths (carphologia)

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12
Q

Cause of death in datura poisoning

A

Respiratory paralysis

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13
Q

Fatal does in datura poisoning

A

0.6-1gm (100-125seeds)

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14
Q

Stupefying dose of datura

A

50-60 seeds

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15
Q

Fatal period in datura poisoning

A

24hs

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16
Q

Treatment in datura poisoning

A
  1. Stomach wash with weak solution of 1:1000 of kmno4 or tannic acid
  2. Physostigmine 0.5mg IV or IM in hourly intervals
  3. Pilocarpine nitrate 5mg SC
  4. Delirium controlled by sedatives
  5. Convulsions controlled by diazepam
  6. Supportive measures
  7. Tepoid sponging to control hypothermia
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17
Q

PM appearance in datura poisoning

A

•Froth at the nostrils
•Internal organs congested (Luna, stomach, brain)
•Particles of seeds sticking to stomach mucosa

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18
Q

What is road poison or railway poison

A

Crushed or powdered datura seeds are used by criminals to stupefy the victim before theft, robbery rape or kidnapping.

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19
Q

How is the effect of datura seeds increased

A

Mixing with toddy

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20
Q

Mydriatic test

A

A drop of the extract is instilled in the eye of the animal and pupil will dilate of datura is present

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21
Q

What are hallucinogens

A

Group of compounds or drugs that produce hallucinations after intake

22
Q

Examples of hallucinogens

A

Cannabis
LSD
Hallucinogenic mushrooms
Salvia plant

23
Q

Which are the psychedelics

A

LSD
Cannabis
Mescaline

24
Q

What are the other names of cannabis

A

Ganja
Dagga
Hashish
Marijuana

25
Q

Active principles of cannabis sativa/indica

A

1.Cannabinol
2.Cannabidiol
3.Tetrahydrocannabinol
4.Tetrahydrocannabinol isomers

26
Q

Define drug dependence

A

It is a compulsion to take a drug to produce a desired effect or to prevent unpleasant effect when the drug is withheld

27
Q

Hard drugs and soft drugs

A

Hard drugs cause severe physical dependence
Soft drugs doesn’t cause physical dependence but cause psychological dependence

28
Q

Examples of hard drugs and soft drugs

A

Hard - morphine , alcohol, nicotine
Soft - LSD, cannabis

29
Q

Treatment for acute alcohol withdrawal

A

Diazepam and chlordiazepoxide

30
Q

Treatment for alcohol dependence

A

1.Deterrent agents- disulfiram
2.Anticraving agents- naltrexone

31
Q

Railroad tracks

A

Most common dermatological manifestation in opioid abuse

32
Q

MC dermatological manifestation in opioid abuse

A

Railroad tracks

33
Q

Characteristics of drugs of dependence

A
  1. Tolerance
  2. Withdrawal symptoms
  3. Dependence syndrome
  4. Harmful effects (mental and physical)
34
Q

Drugs that cause both physical and psychological dependence

A

Narcotics and depressants

35
Q

Drugs that cause only psychological dependence

A

Stimulants and hallucinogens

36
Q

What is poor man’s cocaine

A

AMPHETAMINE - signs and symptoms similar to cocaine abuse and is cheaper than cocaine

37
Q

Designer drugs of amphetamine

A

MDMA , MDA

38
Q

Other names of MDMA MDA

A

Hug drug , club drug or rave drug

39
Q

What is love boat

A

Marijuana+MDMA

40
Q

Street names for MDMA

A

Ecstasy Molly Adam etc

41
Q

Ecstasy , Molly and Adam’s are referred to which drugs

A

MDMA , MDA

42
Q

What is LSD called in illegal drug market

A

Acid and microdot

43
Q

What is acid and microdot referred to

A

LSD

44
Q

What type of drug is LSD

A

Hallucinogenic

45
Q

What is common pattern of LSD use called

A

Trip

46
Q

What are body packers

A

Carriers of drugs for the purpose of smuggling from one country to another

47
Q

How are drugs packed in body packers

A

Packed in toy balloons or condoms and are swallowed

48
Q

Most commonly smuggled drugs in body packers

A

Cocaine and brown sugar

49
Q

What are body pushers

A

Those who insert packets of drugs into vagina or rectum

50
Q

What are body stuffers

A

They keep the packets of drugs in their cheek pick and if suspicious of getting caught they hastily swallow the packets

51
Q

Body packer syndrome

A

When the packets packed or stuffed in the body may rupture and cause toxicity due to which poisoning or death may occur due to leakage

52
Q

Treatment for body packer syndrome

A
  1. Glucose saline
  2. Airway should be maintained
  3. Electrolyte imbalance should be corrected
  4. Symptomatic treatment

Forensic (5 decks)

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