Sociology topic 1: external factors affecting achievement Flashcards
what is cultural deprivation?
when working-class families fail to socialise their children correctly
What did Feinstein (2008) find? -language
- that educated parents were more likely to use language that improves the intellectual development of a child.
- educated parents are also more likely to use praise so it encourages their child
Bereiter and Engelmann found that..
-language
- Language in lower class homes is deficient
- Lower class families will communicate with their family with simple language and gestures
- This will prevent children from thinking abstractly
Bernstein (Speech codes) discovered
Restricted code- used by working class
-Elaborated code- used by middle class
Douglas (parental education) found…
- Working class parents placed less value on education
- Therefore less ambition for child’s achievement
- Children not encouraged so they talk less
What do uneducated parents do?
prevent children from being independent
Sugarman’s four features that act as a barrier to education achievement:
- Fatalism
- Collectivism
- Immediate Gratification
- Present time orientation
What does Keddie (working class subculture) say
- that cultural deprivation is a myth
- blames individual people
- working class children are ‘culturally different’
Name a material deprivation factor:
housing
Why does poor housing lead to underachievement?
MATERIAL Deprivation
when children move houses this means they either have to move school or travel further distance causing fatigue and stress
Overcrowding leads to…
Material deprivation
noise caused so nowhere to study
Poor housing conditions cause…
material deprivation
illness and poor sanitation
What does Howard say about young people from poor homes?
material deprivation
- lack needed nutrition in their food
- lower energy intakes causing lack of concentration in class
What does Bull say about finance?
material deprivation
- lack of financial assistance means poor families lack necessary equipment to achieve educational success
- Bull calls this ‘‘the cost of schooling’’
What are Bourdieu’s 3 types of capital that lead to educational success of a child
(cultural capital)
Economic capital- money
Cultural capital- a persons education provides an advantage achieveing higher in status in society
social capital- social recognition (work relationships)
