Sociology: The Basics

Question 1

when did the study of sociology begin

Answer 1

industrialization & urbanization

Question 2

what are the main components of the sociological imagination - part 1 of S.A.

Answer 2

-sociological perspective
- no biases/prejudices
-fresh view
-curiosity/fascination

Question 3

what does “doing sociology” mean? - part 2 of S.A.

Answer 3

-what happens when you see things through a sociological lens (sociological perspective/imagination)
-when you interpret experiences and interactions with a sociological perspective (use sociological perspective)
-when you come to adopt sociology as part of your worldview (sociological worldview).
- understanding, analysis, action, reflection

Question 4

how does being reflexive relate to sociological imagination? - part 3 of S.A.

Answer 4

-being reflexive requires a person to be introspective, to be reflective of their place in this world
- to be reflexive means to put yourself in other’s shoes (sociological imagination = perspective: imagining someone else’s view)

Question 5

who were the early sociologists?

Answer 5

-Auguste Comte
- Harriet Martineau
-Herbert Spencer
-Karl Marx
-Emile Durkheim
-Max Weber
-Ida B Wells
-Jane Adams
-W.E.B DuBois

Question 6

Auguste Comte

Answer 6

-invented term “sociology”
-created framework for how to do sociology

Question 7

Harriet Martineau

Answer 7

translated Auguste Comte’s work

Question 8

Herbert Spencer

Answer 8

Social Darwinism
- gov out of econ & business
- pure comp=best features of society

Question 9

Karl Marx

Answer 9

class conflict (capitalist vs. workers)

Question 10

Emile Durkheim

Answer 10

-idea of ‘anomie’ (loss of shared value/ sense of purpose in society / no connection)
-first to study sociology
-studied religion and suicide

Question 11

Max Weber

Answer 11

-ideal type (measure of reality)
-if 1 part of society doesn’t work they all don’t
-inconvenient facts( facts contradict what you believe and how you react to it)

Question 12

Ida B Wells

Answer 12

-social work/journalism
-settlement housing
-researched & recorded lynchings

Question 13

Jane Adams

Answer 13

-social work
-settlement housing

Question 14

W.E.B Dubois

Answer 14

-Philadelphia Negro & Sould of Black Folk
-“dual consciousness” ( 1. know they [African Americans] are american 2. know they don’t have all of their rights)

Question 15

ideal type:

Answer 15

Max Weber

Question 16

Social Darwinism:

Answer 16

Herbert Spencer

Question 17

Translated Comte’s Work:

Answer 17

Harriet Martineau

Question 18

Created framework for how to study sociology:

Answer 18

Comte

Question 19

first major sociologist, studied suicide and religion

Answer 19

Emile Durkheim

Question 20

Class Conflicts

Answer 20

Karl Marx

Question 21

primary components of functionalism - part 1

Answer 21

-society’s social institutions must be in harmony to be balanced
-there is a general consensus for values, morals, and goal (shared beliefs)

Question 22

manifest function - part 2

Answer 22

functions intended and recognized
- ex: math class teaches math skills

Question 23

latent function - part 2

Answer 23

functions are unintended and unrecognized
(positive/ neutral)
- ex: schooling creates friendships

Question 24

dysfunction - part 2

Answer 24

elements that have negative consequences
- ex: schooling creates bullying/gangs

Question 25

primary components of conflict perspective

Answer 25

• society is comprised of many parts in competition for scarce resources
  -emphasizes power & inequality; social, political, and material inequality of a social group

Question 26

primary components of symbolic interactionism

Answer 26

-(micro scale)
- how/what we use to interact and communicate
with others
- ex: language, symbols, gestures