sociology midterm Flashcards
What is deviant
the reaction of a person to another person that is acting out of the norm
What is stigma
Characteristics that discredit someone
what is social control
a group’s formal or informal means of enforcing norms by using sanctions
what would happen without social norms
social chaos
what are negative sanctions
range from social disapproval such as frowning or even prison
what is positive sanction
range from smiles to rewards for work like an A for a grade
what are the explanations of deviance
sociobiologists, sociologist and psychologist
what is sociobiologists deviance
it is genetically predispositions seen more in animals
what is psychologist deviance
abnormalities such as personality disorders
what is sociologist deviance
within society such as social class
what are the three symbolic interactionist perspective
differential association, control theory, and labeling theory
What is differential association?
norms set by family, friends, neighbors.
what are the two control systems in deviance
inner and outer controls
what is inner control
morals, religion, conscience
what is outer control
family, friends, police
how do you apply control theory?
it depends on the situation and which control system is stronger at that time. inner or outer.
what is labeling theory
when a person is labeled a certain way that is the way they will act.
how do you reject labeling or techniques of neutralization
denial, or justify or appeal to higher level or condemming
what are reactions to labeling
rejection, embracing, and power
what are the three functional deviance
functional, strain theory, and illegitimate opportunity structures
how can deviance be functional
made as an example, develops social unity and change.
what is the strain theory
the strain of not being able to achieve the goal of society
what does the strain theory lead to
anomie
what are four reactions to anomie
innovation-steal, ritualism-work and be ok with not meeting the goal, retreatism -withdraw from society, rebellion- replace the goal with something else
white collar crime is an example of what?
illegitimate opportunity structure
what are the three perspectives of deviance?
conflict perspective, functional, and interactionist
recidivism
prisons having a high re-occurrence rate
medicalization
crimes committed due to medical illness
mead is responsible for what?
role play
what are the three role play stages?
imitate, team play, play
Piaget’s theory of the development of reasoning has how many stages?
4
Ekman’s research had how many global emotions?
6
Folkways are?
norms not strictly enforced
what is master status?
a status someone earns like a degree
society is
A people who share a culture and a territory
culture
the way people live in a certain location
Gemeinschaft
(primary family or small towns)
gesellchships
secondary relationships
