Sociology - childhood Flashcards
“Childhood as a social construct”
pitcher
golden age of childhood:?
stephan wagg criticism
accepted childhood is a special time in a Childs life
argued “sepearness” childhood being a clear and distinct life stage and seperate from audits
childhood is seen as the golden age where children feel happiness and innocence.
“childhood is socially construct is in other words what members of particular members in particular socitrs at petrituler time and place say it is”
“cross cultural difference”
bendiect?
punch and raymond.?
Benedict found that children in simpler non industrial societies were treated differently from modern west counterpoints
punch on child labour and raymond on value
“HISTORICAL DIFFRENCE IN CHILDHOOD”
AIRES?
What evidence does aires use?
shorter?
Aries argue that middle ages from the idea of childhood did not exist. Children were not seen as having different needs to adult.in the middle ages childhood as separate age was short
artwork
found that IMR was high and was not uncomen to name a child after a dead sibling
What are the reasons to change?
Many reasons that concluded changes of position of children
Laws restricting children from doing paid labour. Form being economic assets could earn a wage, children become an economic liability.
Introduction to compulsory schooling - in 1880 had a smmier effect.
Child protection and welfare legislation
who argued the disappearance of childhood?
what did they say?
what were the reasons for the change?
Postman
childhood is disappearing at a dazzling spread. He points to the trend towards giving childrens the same rights as adults. The disappearance of children’s traditional unsupervised games, the growing similarity of adults and children clothing.
print culture and the rise in television culture. During the middle ages most people were illiterate and speech was the only skill needed for participation in the adult world. Children were able to enter the world at an early stage. Childhood was not associated with innocence.
what is the information hireachy?
counterpoint?
Postman view on childhood
postman argues that childhood emerged as a separate status along with mass literacy from the 19th century. This is because printed world created hierarchy a sharp division between adults who can read and children who cannot. This gave adults the power to keep knowledge on violence, money and illnesses along with other matters a secret from children. However television blurs the dissection between childhood and adulthood by destroying the information hierarchy.
Opie argues childhood is not disappearing based on her research into children’s unsupervised games. She argues strong evidence in continued existence of separateness.
childhood disappearing at a dazzling spead due to rise in television culture and unsupervised games
“postmodernism on childhood”
What does jenks feel is postmodernisms childhood?
what was modern society concerned with?
counterpoint
In postmodern society the pace of change speeds up relationships are insoluble and divorce is more common . This causes feelings of insecurity . in postmodern society relationships with their children thus become adults. For this reason jenks don’t not agree with postman idea of disappearance.
. Jenks agrees with aries on the creation of modern childhood. For jenks modern society was concerned with the futurity and childhood was seen as a preparation for the individual to become productive adults. To achieve this the vulnerable underdeveloped need nurturing
Evidence for both and for jerk is limited. There is some evidence that parents see relationship with children as more important than then with their partners. Jenks is guilty for over generalising
march of progress view on childhood?
Massue view?
wha do aires and shorter say?
The march of progress view argues that over the centuries the position of children in western societies is better than it’s ever been.
Masseuse “history of childhood is a nightmare from which we have recently awaken from, the further back in history one goes the lower the level of childcare”
writers such as Aries and shorter hold a march of progress view that children today are more valued better cared for and protracted as well educated and enjoy better healthcare.
what is the child centred family?
child centric society?
higher living standard and smaller family size was from 5.7 births in the 1980s to 1.83 in 2014 mean that parents can afford to provide for their children’s needs properly. According to one estimate by the time the child is 21 parents would have spent 227000 pounds. March of progress sociology argue that the family have become child centred.
Child no longer seen and not heard. Instead they are the focal part of family life. Parents invest a great deal in their child both emotionally and financially and often have high aspirations. It’s not childhood but it id the whole of society.
toxic childhood?
as against the position of children now is better than ever, palmer calls the childhood people are experiencing today is toxic childhood. She argues that rapid technological and cultural changes in the last 25 years have damaged children psychically and emotionally and intellectual disability. Concerns on young people health is also part of toxic childhood. Uk is above average for self harm and obesity.
The conflict view is by who
what do they argue?
what are two major inequalities?
Hilman view?
firestone?
Marxist and feminist
They argue society is based on conflict between two social classes or genders. In this conflict some groups have more power, status then others. Conflict sociologist see the relationship between two groups as one dominant. In which the dominant group are as oppressors. Conflict sociologist argue the march of progress view is based on idealised image of childhood that ignores inequalities.
inequalities among children and among children and adult.
boys could ride bikes girls had to stay home (bonks)
Firestone found this is that this is just new form of oppression. She surges protection from paid work is not s energy for children as it essays to maker thyme dependent and powerless subjects.
new sociology of children?
mayall?
there is a fear that children will be seen as passive objects and no part in making own decisions.
children are seen as adultistic
