Sociologists and their Teachings

Question 1

This sociologist coined the term, “Sociological Imagination”.

Answer 1

C. Wright Mills

Question 2

This sociologist claimed “the Self” is made from our ability to assume the viewpoints of others. Specifically, their viewpoints on us.

Answer 2

Charles Horton Cooley

Question 3

This sociologist claimed the “Social Self” develops during childhood. Through social interaction, children learn of “me” and “you”, and through playing, can distinguish between social roles.

Answer 3

Geroge Herbert Mead

Question 4

This sociologist claims that Social Cohesion (the way people form social bonds and relate to each other) is established in one of two ways: through Mechanical or Organic Solidarity.

Answer 4

Emile Durkheim

Question 5

This sociologist sought to explain how social forces beyond the individual shaped suicide rates, as he believed suicide is an instance of social deviation. He also believed this relied on two components, Social Integration and Social Regulation.

Answer 5

Emile Durkheim (Normative Theory of Suicide)

Question 6

While not a theory, this metaphor is named after its namesake theorist. This metaphor theorized a circular building composed of an inner circle with an outer ring. It is designed to serve as a prison, in which, the guards are housed in the inner circle can observe the prisoners within the surrounding ring. In doing this, inmates are unsure and cannot know if they are being watched.

Answer 6

(Michel) Foucault’s Panopticon

Question 7

This sociologist theorized a dialectic between master and slave. He claimed that the two will inevitably become mutually dependent on one another.

Answer 7

George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Question 8

This sociologist believes that contradictions inherent in capitalism lead the working class to eventually overthrow the system. His ideas did inspire the rise of communism in some areas, preaching the Equality of Outcome.

Answer 8

Karl Marx

Question 9

This sociologist theorized that society was divided into two classes: Proletariat and Bourgeoisie. He defined the Proletariat as the working class who sold their labor, and the Bourgeoisie as the capitalist class. He further suspected that there was a space between these two “pure” classes that people can also occupy.

Answer 9

Karl Marx

Question 10

This sociologist believed groups were based on the common life chances or opportunities available in the marketplace. This included opportunities due to class, prestige, and power.

Answer 10

Max Weber (Class System)

Question 11

This sociologist believed three major institutional forces in modern American society is where power of decision making was centralized. These were the economic institutions, the political order, and the military.

Answer 11

C. Wright Mills (Power Elite System)

Question 12

This Femenist–Philosopher proposed that we view the relationship between the natural and the social (sex and gender) as akin to a Mobius strip. Biological sex makes up the inside of the strip whereas the social world–culture, experience, and gender–make up the outside. In thinking or talking about sex and gender, we often switch from one to the other without even noticing that we’ve changed out focus.

Answer 12

Elizabeth Grosz

Question 13

This female sociologist challenged the assumption that since women’s subordination occurred everywhere, it must be fulfilling a societal function. In this system, the raw materials of biological sex are transformed through kinship relations into asymmetrical gender statuses.

Answer 13

Gayle Rubin’s Sex/Gender System

Question 14

This sociologist advocated Social Darwinism. He believed that some groups or races evolved more than others, and those races were more fit to survive and rule over others.

Answer 14

Herbert Spencer

Question 15

This sociologist and activist argued that the high rate of female-headed families in the African American community was a result of racial oppression and poverty, NOT a cause of it.

Answer 15

W. E. B. Du Bois