sociological theories to digital forms of communication Flashcards
what do Marxist believe about digital communications
-believe digital communications are not new, just different versions of communication (letter now an email)
-believe the effects of digital communications are exaugurated
what do Marxist believe about media convergence
- media shapes peoples ideas and accept capitalism without questioning it
-it gives media company owners a chance to cross fertiliser their marketing
-they sell their media in different formats which makes more profit
give an example of media convergence
Murdoch- owns 85% of media in the UK (sun, ITV, daily mail)
so lots of different forms
what is marxist view on the de-regulation of the media and digital communication
-there is a lack of regulation
-mediated by private companies rather than the state therefore fewer laws watching its moral responsibilities
-argue its a method of surveillance, a way to control and regulate peoples interests
-little financial encouragement protecting vulnerable groups (children + women)
what does Garside say (2014)
adults spend excessive amounts of time online
- consume about 8hr 41mins of media and sleep for 8hr 21mins
-balance has been tipped
what is marxist view on digital communication providing a new form of surveillance
- concern over the monitoring of personal digital communication between individuals by the state
- private companies gather information often without consent therefor threatening individual freedom
what does Comford and Robins say
-digital communications are a way of capitalism controlling people more subtly under the excuse of protecting from criminal acts
evaluate marxist
- extreme and far-fetched
-pessimistic, ignores positives of digital communications
-is it true or just a conspiracy
outline the feminist theory and the digital
-criticise digital communications as they reinforce a patriarchal society
-digital world focuses on exclusion of women
-feminists aim to challenge ideas that men are the creators of technology
outline what Haraway says
-is it positive or negative
positive effect
-wrote a ground breaking article
-‘cyborgs’- half human, half machine allowing people to rise above gender differences
-idea that women’s opinion is more respected when generated without being a ‘person’ as they don’t face sexism
-creates new forms of identity
globalisation and exploitation
-globalisation gives criminals new opportunities to exploit already vulnerable people, women and children more at risk than ever, as they are said to be bought sold and consumed
-e.g. organised crime rings, traffickers and those who seek sexual entertainment
-vulnerable as those in power don’t create laws that prioritise their protection
-men largely in control of the government so easy to carry out these activities in a unregulated digital world
-global exploitation of W+C is a human rights disaster (illegal movement of people is easier as national boundaries less significant)
what does Arlaccki state
-Unite Nations fight organised crime
-exploitation is an undesirable consequence of globalisation which isn’t being made a priority to control
feminist view on the exploitation of women and children
-increasing concerns
2012-13 = 790 subjected to safeguarding due to online activity
= 18,887 sexual exploitation reports only 192 arrests
- new forms of digital communications allow for reproduction of patriarchy but also offer new ways vulnerable people can be exploited
- child exploitation happens over the internet (prostitution, trafficking) but little regulation so done very easily
-negative impacts on women
5 negative impacts exploitation has on women
-physical, sexual, emotional abuse
-women can be bought and sold
-regarded as objects without felling’s
-sexualised violent images are less serious
-viewing violence against women (revenge porn) is a new form of social control
explain the fourth wave of feminism
-emerged between 2000-2010
-uses technology as a method for communicating and sharing ideas
-significant effect on women who were previously unheard
-not allowed to educate or express their views making them part of a ‘muted group’
-new digital communications allow women to build a strong, popular and reactive movement
-globalisation leads to many gender identities being created therefore reduces problems women face for being a women
