2.3 sociological theories of criminality Cohen's Sub-cultural theory ( Merton strain theory) Flashcards
What is the Merton strain theory ?
This theory is based on Merton’s strains theory, argues that crime is not an individual act but it is committed by groups of people.
What does lower class boys suffer from?
‘Status frustration’ which makes them feel worthless.
How does ‘status frustration’ continue after leaving school?
They cannot find work or can only get very low paying jobs which leads to even more frustration .This increases the levels of violent crime, property damage and anti-social behaviour.
Who commits crime?
Poor, bottom of society, groups of ethnic minorities, missing with other criminals. They will probably spend time in prison and feel comfortable with that.
What crimes are accounted for?
Economic, violent crimes, robbery, vandalism, keying someone’s car.
What crimes are not explained?
Rape, domestic violence, fraud.
What is an American dream?
The ideal that every citizen of the United states should have an equal opportunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work, determination and initiative.
What are blocked opportunities?
This refers to a lack of access to legitimate means for achieving social goals ( for example having a good job, or generally achieving economic success).
What is strain?
A situation in which one role is a source of tension and distress because of the existence of partially competing demands or expectations.
What is Anomie?
A breakdown of social norms, values and expectation within a society.
(Responses to strain) What is innovation ?
This refers to using socially unapproved or unconventional means to obtain culturally approved goals. For example illegal, theft, drug dealing.
(Response to strain) What is conformity?
Pursuing cultural goals through socially approved means.
