Sociological Theories Informing Policy Development (2) Flashcards
What is restorative justice and who does it involve?
It is a voluntary process that involves the victims and offenders to discuss what happened, who was affected and what can be done to help.
When can restorative just take place?
At any stage during the criminal justice process, both pre-sentence and after conviction.
What had made the process available to victims of crime?
Government funding towards the police and crime commissioners.
Does restorative justice reduce criminality?
Yes because it allows a victim to have a voice in the criminal justice system and can make offenders accountable for their actions by allowing them to take responsibility.
According to the Prison Fellowship (2017) website, is restorative justice effective?
Pilot studies suggest that restorative justice can reduce post-traumatic stress disorder in victims, and motivate offenders to turn away from a life of crime.
When assessing restorative justice, what did an independent report by the Ministry or Justice in 2001 find?
85% of victims who took part were satisfied with the process and it reduced the frequency of reoffending which lead to £8 in savings to the criminal justice system for every £1 spent on restorative justice.
When the government analysed research assessing restorative justice, what did they find?
That it reduces the frequency of reoffending by 14%.
Why is the use of CCTV in a criminal investigation an invaluable technique?
- One of the first requests made by the police at the start of their enquiries.
- Helps identify a potential perpetrator of suspect.
- Policy implications as a deterrent to prevent crime.
According to the College of Policing’s (2013) briefing, is CCTV effective as a deterrent?
It can make a ‘small but statistically significant reduction in crime’.
It is more effective when reducing theft of and from vehicles, while it has no impact on violent crime.
Is CCTV effect as an investigative technique?
Provides compelling evidence as it shows the nature and severity of the crime and identify suspects and witnesses.
What is the multi-agency approach?
Where different agencies within the criminal justice system cooperate to increase the detection of crime and prevent it from happening.
What did the Home Office stress in 1984?
They stressed the need for the multi-agency approach with the motto “Preventing crime is a task for the whole community”.
What does Section 5 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 state?
Is places a statutory duty on local authorities, the police, health authorities, and probation committees to work together to tackle crime and disorder in their area.
What are two examples of agencies that work together with the government/police?
No Knives, Better Lives - reduces knife crime.
Communities that Care - improves deprived neighbourhoods.
Is the multi-agency approach effective at reducing criminality?
Relieves pressure on the police to deal with crime on their own and provides better help to offenders.
