sociological theories

Question 1

what are social theories?

Answer 1

a theory is a set of ideas about society, which seek to explain social changes

Question 2

what are the 3 key changes which are relevant for understanding theoretical developments?

Answer 2

• urbanisation
• social mobility
• advancements in transport and technology

Question 3

give three examples of modern theories.

Answer 3

• functionalism
• marxism
• feminism

Question 4

give an example of a late modern theory.

Answer 4

• interpretivism

Question 5

give an example of a post modern theory.

Answer 5

• postmodernism

Question 6

what is a consensus theory?

Answer 6

theories that argue that the changes that have occurred in society are positive. these theories also claim that people share a sense of what is right and wrong and individuals have a strong sense of belonging to society.

Question 7

what is a conflict theory?

Answer 7

theories that regard society as being unequal, resulting in the oppression of a particular group or groups. these theories focus on the power that some groups hold over other groups. conflict theorists argue that the solution to these inequalities is large scale social change and reform.

Question 8

why are consensus theories criticised?

Answer 8

they have an overly optimistic view, which can lead them to overlook serious problems in society

Question 9

why are conflict theories criticised?

Answer 9

they argue that society in inherently unfair and they fail to acknowledge the positive aspects of society

Question 10

give an example of a consensus theory.

Answer 10

functionalism

Question 11

give an example of a conflict theory.

Answer 11

• marxism

- feminism