Sociological Terms Flashcards
Social Engineering
top-down efforts to influence particular attitudes and social behaviors on a large scale—most often undertaken by governments, but also carried out by media, academia or private groups—in order to produce desired characteristics in a target population.
Reserve Labour
the pool of unemployed or underemployed workers who are available and actively seeking employment but have not yet found a job.
These individuals are considered part of the labor force, but they are not currently engaged in productive work.
Tacit
Knowledge that is understood or implied without being directly expressed or stated.
not openly shared or communicated
but rather understood and recognized without the need for explicit verbal or written communication
Government overload
a situation where the government takes on too many responsibilities or tasks, resulting in inefficiency, bureaucracy, and a strain on resources.
occurs when the government tries to do too much, leading to a burden on its capacity to effectively manage and provide services to its citizens.
Superstructure
It is the realm of ideas, beliefs, values, laws, and institutions that are built upon and influenced by the economic base or the “substructure” of society.
Commodification
the process by which goods, services, or even ideas are treated and transformed into commodities that are bought and sold in the marketplace.
Capital
A critical means of production
Usurped
he act of taking or seizing something, such as power, authority, or a position, unlawfully or without proper entitlement.
Vested
a state of having a significant, personal, and enforceable interest or right in something. When something is vested, it means that ownership, control, or entitlement has been earned, acquired, or secured, often through legal or contractual means.
Collusion
a secretive and often illegal or unethical agreement or cooperation between two or more individuals, groups, or entities with the aim of deceiving, manipulating, or gaining an unfair advantage over others
Concession
the act of yielding, compromising, or giving in to the demands or requests of another party. It involves making a concession or granting something to reach an agreement, resolve a dispute, or find a middle ground.
Discourse
the structure of statements ,terms, categories and beliefs.
Lobbying
the activity of trying to persuade someone in authority, usually an elected member of a government, to support laws or rules that give your organization or industry an advantage:
fiscal
connecting with public’s money
Theoretical Paradigm
Funamental assumptions that sociologists have about the social world, guiding their thinking and research
e.g. structural functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interactionism
necessary to provide assumption base for interpretation of raw facts
all science disciplines use different perspective for different question
