socioemotional and vocational development in young adulthood

Question 1

what are the four defining features of the attachment between infant and caregiver

Answer 1

distress at separation
proximity to caregiver
safe haven in case of threat
secure base for exploration

Question 2

what is used to measure attachment representation of adults

Answer 2

Adult Attachment Interview (AAI)

18 open-ended questions with follow-up promps regarding relationship with parents

Question 3

what are the four attachment categories

Answer 3

autonomous
dismissing
preoccupied
unresolved

Question 4

autonomous attachment style

Answer 4

the adult describes their experiences succintly, truthfully, and with little egocentrism. incidents are not exagerated and emotions are expressed consistently with the content talked about

Question 5

earned secure attachment style

Answer 5

adults that came to terms with tough childhood and still showed some generosity and grace to parents. in many cases these individuals found secure partners or spouses

Question 6

dismissing attachment style

Answer 6

characterized by idealization of parents with lack of factual support. Nonemotional topic are discussed at length and with support. It seems that they suppress past emotional distress to forget what it felt like. individuals may have trouble to remember past childhood experiences and to describe their parents behavior. their physiological and psychological reactions may not be consistent

Question 7

preoccupied attachment style

Answer 7

characterized by long answers shifting from topic to topic. emotions are inconsistent with stories and parents are remembered to be intrusive

Question 8

unresolved attachment style

Answer 8

lapses in logical thinking such as considering a deceased parent still alive

Question 9

what are the three differences between child and adult attachment

Answer 9

adult attachment is more symmetrical
adults rely on felt security rather than physical presence
attachment involves sexual partner or peer

Question 10

personal style according to Holland

Answer 10

pattern of behavior in response to events and tasks

Question 11

what are the 6 personal styles according to holland

Answer 11

realistic 
investigative
artistic
social
enterprising
conventional

Question 12

Super’s stages of vocational development

Answer 12

growth stage: until 14
exploratory stage: 14-24
establishment stage: 25-44
maintenance: 45-64
decline: 65+

Question 13

mastery orientation patterns

Answer 13

see failure as a challenge and believe that with subsequent tries they will succeed

Question 14

helpless orientation pattern

Answer 14

denigrate their abilities after failure and stop trying