Sociocultural SAQ Terminology Flashcards
Social identify theory
A theory which states that an individual’s sense of self is developed on the basis of group membership, and this identity is shared with other members of the same group.
Social categorisation
The process of dividing people into ingroups and outgroups
Ingroup vs outgroup
An ingroup is a group that you are a part of (us), an outgroup is a group that you’re not a part of (them).
Perceived variability
The apparent difference between groups, decreased between two ingroups or two outgroups but increased between an ingroup and an outgroup.
Social identity
The groups that you are a part of that determine your behaviour at any given time. For example, if you are both a teacher and dad, when teaching a class, your social identity will be determined much more by your teacher ingroup than your dad ingroup.
Social comparison
The comparison between your ingroup and relevant outgroups. We are different to them.
Positive distinctiveness
An attempt to make our in-group distinct from the out-groups, making the difference favorable for the in-group, essentially in-group bias.
Self-esteem
The way in which we value and perceive ourselves.
Minimal group paradigm
Research involving placing people into meaningless groups, meaning they have minimal things in common.
Social cognitive theory
A theory by Bandura which proposes that learning behaviour involves four different stages: attention, retention, reproduction and motivation.
Attention
Focussing on the behaviour being presented to you.
Retention
An observer retains the sequence of behaviors and consequences, which they can retrieve for future imitations of the behaviors
Motivation
Something needs to motivate the person to repeat the behaviour.
Reinforcement
Vicarious reinforcement
Learning through observation of the consequences of actions for other people.
Potential
Triadic reciprocal determinism
Self-efficacy
Stereotypes
Social schema
Illusory correlation
Cognitive bias
