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TOEFL > Society > Flashcards

Society Flashcards

1
Q

assimilate

A

to consume and incorporate; to become similar (anpassen, aufnehmen, integrieren, einverleiben)

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2
Q

cremation

A

the act of burning the dead (Einäscherung, Feuerbestattung)

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3
Q

domesticate

A

to make something suitable for being in a home (zähmen, stubenrein machen)

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4
Q

folklore

A

traditional myths of a people transmitted orally (Folklore, Volkskunde)

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5
Q

fossile

A

to become preserved in clay or stone or ash after death, so that a natural record is left of the original organism; to become rigid and stuck in old ways (versteinern, zu Fossilien werden)

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6
Q

relic

A

something from a long–ago culture, time period or person (Relikt, Überrest, Reliquie)

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7
Q

rite

A

a ceremony meant to achieve a certain purpose (Brauch, Ritual, Ritus)

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8
Q

ritually

A

as part of a formal ceremony involving a required sequence of actions (feierlich, rituell)

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9
Q

saga

A

a long story about important events long ago (Sage)

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10
Q

vestige

A

a visible trace that something once existed (Überbleibsel, Spur, Rest, Überrest)

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11
Q

amend

A

to change for the better (abändern, berichtigen, ergänzen)

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12
Q

biased

A

leaning unfairly in one direction (voreingenommen, befangen, parteiisch)

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13
Q

burden

A

something that is carried; a source of stress or worry (Last, Bürde, Belastung)

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14
Q

counter

A

to act in opposition to; to offer in response (entgegnen, entgegensetzen, Ladentheke, Schalter, Tresen)

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15
Q

de facto

A

truly doing a job, even if not officially (faktisch, tatsächlich)

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16
Q

discriminate

A

to choose carefully among options (unterscheiden, unterschiedlich behandeln)

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17
Q

notion

A

a belief, a fanciful impulse (Vorstellung, Ahnung, Gedanke)

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18
Q

oppress

A

to keef down by force; to weigh heavily on (unterdrücken, bedrängen)

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19
Q

paradigm

A

a pattern or model; a set of assumptions (Musterbeispiel, Beispiel, Paradigma, Muster)

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20
Q

prejudiced

A

causing to judge prematurely and unfairly (voreingenommen, befangen)

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21
Q

curriculum

A

the courses of study offered by an educational institution (Lehrplan, Studienplan)

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22
Q

distinctly

A

clearly (deutlich, eindeutig)

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23
Q

erudite

A

highly educated (gebildet, gelehrt)

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24
Q

fortify

A

to strengthen (verstärken, befestigen)

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25
Q

implicitly

A

without being stated; unquestioningly (bedingungslos, unbedingt)

26
Q

parochial

A

restricted in outlook; relating to the local parish (beschränkt, provinziell, gemeinde-)

27
Q

rigor

A

strictness; difficult situations that come from following rules strictly (Strenge, Genauigkeit, Härte, Sorgfalt)

28
Q

roster

A

a list, especially of names (Dienstplan, Spielerliste, Namensliste)

29
Q

secular

A

worldly rather than spiritual; not related to religion (weltlich)

30
Q

suspend

A

to cause to stop for a period; to hang as to allow free movement (aussetzen, unterbrechen, suspendieren)

31
Q

allegiance

A

loyalty (Loyalität, Treuepflicht)

32
Q

artillery

A

large guns that shoot powerful shells; army units that handle such guns (Artillerie)

33
Q

battle

A

to fight against (Kampf)

34
Q

cease

A

stop (found in official statements, not in everyday speech) (enden, nachlassen, aufhören, unterbleiben)

35
Q

hierarchy

A

a system of levels that places people high or low according to their importance (Hierarchie)

36
Q

in the trenches

A

in the middle of the hardest fighting or work (in den Schützengräben)

37
Q

mobilize

A

to put members of a group into motion (mobilisieren, aufbieten)

38
Q

rank

A

to put into a many-leveled order, depending on importance or achievement (Rang)

39
Q

ratio

A

the relationship of one number or amount to another (Verhältnis)

40
Q

strategic

A

related to long-term plans for achieving goals (strategisch)

41
Q

annex

A

to make something (usually land) part of another unit (annektieren, einverleiben, anhängen)

42
Q

apex

A

the highest point (Spitze, Scheitelpunkt, Höhepunkt)

43
Q

collapse

A

to fall down, usually because of weakness (kollabieren, einstürzen, zusammenbrechen)

44
Q

conquest

A

a takeover by force or continued effort (Eroberung, Unterwerfung)

45
Q

devise

A

to find an original way to make an object or plan (entwickeln, erfinden, erdenken, planen)

46
Q

invasive

A

aggressively entering into someone else’s territory (angreifend, eindringend)

47
Q

prevailing

A

strongest or most common (vorherrschend, üblich, maßgeblich, überwiegend)

48
Q

resist

A

to refuse to give in to a strong force or desire (widerstehen, standhalten)

49
Q

severely

A

harshly; extremeful (streng, schwer, gravierend)

50
Q

violation

A

an action that breaks a law or agreement; mistreatment of something that deserves respect (Verstoß, Verletzung, Missachtung, Nichteinhaltung)

51
Q

chronologically

A

in order to time (chronologisch)

52
Q

coincide

A

happen or exist at the same time (übereinstimmen, zusammenfallen)

53
Q

consequence

A

a result, often one much later in time than the cause (Konsequenz, Auswirkung)

54
Q

core

A

an area or object at the center (Kern)

55
Q

deny

A

say something is not true (ablehnen, leugnen, bestreiten)

56
Q

diminish

A

make something smaller or weaker; become smaller or weaker (verringern, abnehmen, reduzieren)

57
Q

longitude

A

a system of imaginary lines on the earths surface (Längengrad)

58
Q

milieu

A

general environment or surroundings (Milieu, Umfeld)

59
Q

Orwellian

A

frightening and overcontrolled by a government that interferes in nearly every aspect of personal life (orwellianisch)

60
Q

reconciliation

A

coming back together peacefully after having been enemies (Versöhnung, Abstimmung, Schlichtung)

TOEFL (8 decks)

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