Society Flashcards
What social group was on the rise?
Growing professional and mercantile group and some growing social nobility
Why were the nobles powerful?
They dominated landownership
How did Henry VII limit the power of the nobility?
-He used bonds and recognisances
- a law on retaining in 1487: restricted the practise by which wealthy magnates recruited knights and gentlemen known as retaining, to serve them as administrators for military purposes
Why was the Church an important institution?
Both for its spiritual power and as a great landowner
What religion did England follow?
England was a Catholic country
What were the powerful positions in the Catholic Church?
- The pope (elected by cardinals)
- Cardinals
- Archbishops (Canterbury and York)
- Bishops
-Abbots
Archbishops, Bishops and Abbots were appointed by the king and sat in the House of Lords
How did Henry try to control the Church?
-Henry made sure that he had administarive ability as archbishops and bishops
- Appointed men with legal training (e.g the royal councillors, Morton and Fox)
How did the gentry change during Henry VII’s reign?
- They were allowed to be in the privy council (Bray, Empson, Dudley)
- Could be jp’s
How did the population density differ across the country?
- The north/ west rural areas were sparsely populated
- 3/4 lived in more densely populated county in the south/east
- differences in agriculture
- Social attitudes differed: Londoners see Northerners as less refined and northerners envy Southerners wealth
- Church influence varied by area and cut across the boundaries
What separate councils were there for the different regions?
- The north, Wales, Ireland and welsh marches all had separate councils. some councils such as durham enjoyed much independents
What linguistic and cultural differences were there across England?
- Linguistics and culture differed particularly in Wales, Ireland and Cornwall
Why was there little social discontent during Henry VII’s reign?
- The sense of a single English identity was strong
- living conditions for the poor were improving
When was the Yorkshire rebellion?
1489
What caused the 1489 Yorkshire Rebellion?
Caused by the resentment of the taxation granted by parliament in 1489 in order to finance the army for the Brittany campaign
What happened during the Yorkshire Rebellion?
The Earl of Northumberland was murdered by his tenants (because he betrayed Richard III)
