societies, cultures, sociological imagination and construction of reality

Question 1

• encompasses all the facets of human experience
• beliefs and practices
• development is based on the historical process

Answer 1

Culture

Question 2

Culture or Society?

represents the people who share those beliefs and practices

Answer 2

Society

Question 3

The term culture was first used in this way by pioneer English Anthropologist __________ in his book, Primitive Culture, pub. 1871

Answer 3

Edward B. Taylor

Question 4

Refers to the culture level of an individual

Answer 4

A “cultured” person

Question 5

The Culture of a Society refers to?

Answer 5

Understanding culture as part of a group of individuals a community or a society

Question 6

The Culture of a Global Society refers to?

Answer 6

humanity as a whole

Question 7

Aspect of culture that refers to the objects or belongings of a group of people

Answer 7

Material Culture (tangible)

Question 8

Aspect of culture that consists of ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society

Answer 8

Nonmaterial Culture (intangible)

Question 9

human made environment which includes all the material and non material products that are transmitted from one generation to next

Answer 9

Culture

Question 10

Other “cultures”: Bourgeoisie, or culture enjoyed by the elite. It represents the higher social class.

Answer 10

high culture

Question 11

Other “cultures”: patronized by the greater majority.

Answer 11

Popular culture (Pop Culture)

Question 12

Glocalization is under what Other “cultures”?

Answer 12

Pop Culture

Question 13

Other “cultures”: Indigenous or ethnic cultures

Answer 13

Aboriginal Culture

Question 14

This refers to having no universal gauge or acceptability of cultures

Answer 14

Cultural Relativism

Question 15

This refers to the respecting the culture of every person

Answer 15

Cultural Competence

Question 16

What characteristic of culture?

Everything a person has, does, and thinks within society

Answer 16

Comprehensive Nature

Question 17

What characteristic of culture?

Culture is a set of beliefs, attitudes, and practices learned though social interaction. Process involves enculturation, acculturation, deculturation.

Answer 17

Learned behavior

Question 18

What characteristic of culture?

Culture must be shared among a group; individual practices do not constitute culture.

Answer 18

Shared aspect

Question 19

What characteristic of culture?

Cultures differ across societies and are not uniform; each society has its unique cultural traits.

Answer 19

Variability

Question 20

What characteristic of culture?

Culture aids in human survival by providing strategies to respond to environmental pressures

Answer 20

Survival Tool

Question 21

What characteristic of culture?

Culture can lead to issues when environmental changes occur, but cultural practices remain static

Answer 21

Potential Problems

Question 22

What characteristic of culture?

Culture is never statis; it evolves continously in response to changing human needs and circumstances.

Answer 22

Dynamic and Cumulative Nature

Question 23

In sociology, the term ______ refers not to a group of people but to the complex pattern of the norms of interaction.

Answer 23

Society

Question 24

results in interaction, communication, and concensus

Answer 24

Society

Question 25

According to him, A society is a collection of individuals united by certain relations or modes of behavior. It is both structural, functional and dynamic organization.

Answer 25

Ginsberg

Question 26

___________ is the gradual process of an individual or group learning and adapting to the norms and values of a culture in which they are immersed in.

Answer 26

enculturation

Question 27

refers to the attirude that one's own group, ethnicity, or nationality is superior to others

Answer 27

ethnocentrisim

Question 28

refers to the preference for foreign over domestic

Answer 28

Xenocentrism

Question 29

refers to the fear of what is perceieved foreign or strange

Answer 29

Xenophobia

Question 30

refers to the process of accomodating desirable traits from other cultures. This is where two or more cultures come into contact. Learning from the culture of another (Blending/Combining) example: Tourists visiting Apo Whang Od

Answer 30

Acculturation

Question 31

refers to when culture is lost and even cultural trait itself is in the process of being forgotten

Answer 31

Deculturation

Question 32

refers to the gradual provess of an individual or group learning and adapting to the norms and values of a culture in which they're immersed in

Answer 32

Enculturation

Question 33

refers to the process of memebers in a subordinate group adopts aspects of a dominant group. After being acculturated, you become _______

Answer 33

Assimilation/Assimilated

Question 34

refers to the act or process through which a dominant group combines with a new subordinate to form a new group ex. merging of business, marriage (endogamy/exogamy)

Answer 34

Amalgamation

Question 35

feelings of uncertainty commonly experienced by travellers

Answer 35

Culture Shock

Question 36

when material culture does not adjust itself readily to the material changes it falls behind

Answer 36

Cultural Lag

Question 37

Cultural Lag was coined by?

Answer 37

William Ogburn

Question 38

refers to the transimission of cultural aspects from one location to another

Answer 38

Cultural Diffusion

Question 39

therse are the rules or expectations that determine and regulate appropriate behavior within a society/culture

Answer 39

Social Norms

Question 40

marrying multiple spouses

Answer 40

Polygamy

Question 41

1 wife + several husbands

Answer 41

Polyandry

Question 42

1 husband + several wvies

Answer 42

Polygyny

Question 43

this refers to not having a universal yarstick to use as a measure of culture

Answer 43

Cultural Relativism

Question 44

an example of this is Sindikato/Criminal

Answer 44

Counter-culture

Question 45

The basic and fundamental beliefs that guide or motivate attitudes or actions

Answer 45

Values

Question 46

Beliefs or behaviors passed down within a group or society

Answer 46

Traditions

Question 47

Traditional and widely accepted way of behaving

Answer 47

Customs

Question 48

Kind of Social Norm: Simple behavioral habits common to team members.

Answer 48

Folkways

Question 49

Kind of Social Norm: procedures

Answer 49

Mores

Question 50

Kind of Social Norm: Set of rules

Answer 50

Laws

Question 51

Kind of Social Norm: social behavioral standard

Answer 51

Conventions and Etiquettes

Question 52

Kind of Social Norm: Morally shaped western law

Answer 52

Custom, Morality, and Religion

Question 53

Kind of Social Norm: Institutions

Answer 53

Institutions

Question 54

refers to being able to think ourselves away from familiar routines, to look at the world anew. Willingness to view the social world from the perspective of others. Focusing on the social circumstances that produce social problems

Answer 54

Sociological Imagination

Question 55

_________ coined the term "Sociological Imagination"

Answer 55

C. Wright Mills

Question 56

C. Wright Mills defined _________ as the vivid awareness of the relationship between experience and wider society

Answer 56

Sociological Imagination

Question 57

__________ is a theory trhat belongs to the symbolic interactionist perspective.

Answer 57

Social Construction

Question 58

_________ and ________ presented the idea of social construction in the 1960's in which they argued that realities are constructed and maintained in social interaction

Answer 58

Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann

Question 59

What are the three stages of Social Construction according to Berger and Luckmann (1966) "The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge"`

Answer 59

Externalization, Objectification, and Internalization

Question 60

______ is a process of social construction that meaning is carried and communicated to the outside world.

Answer 60

Externalization

Question 61

______ is a process of social construction that treats non objective things as objects

Answer 61

Objectification

Question 62

______ is a process of social construction that internalizes amd unquestionably accepts the understandings of group as reality

Answer 62

Internalization

Question 63

These are ______ in which we tend to experience whatever happens in our own lives as unique

Answer 63

Private Troubles

Question 64

The discipline of Socioogy encourages you to look for the social processes that give a generalised pattern to those private troubles and thus turn them into _______

Answer 64

Public Issues