Socialolgy(compoment2) Flashcards
What is crime
An action that’s is against the law
What is deviance
Actions that go against norms morals and values
Norms meaning
A set of unwritten social rules or explanations
Values meaning
Ideas and beliefs that’s are important to us
What is social construction
Crimes and deviant acts that are made up by people in society
Example of social construction
Place and time
What is the court system knows as
Judiciary
What is cps
Crown prosecution service
What do Magistrates give
They deal with less crime and gives 6 months in jail
What are crown courts
They do serious crime and give punishments of life sentence and normal prison sentence
What are functionalist view of judiciary
Functionalism has a positive view and a consensus view because the help keep society a safe place
What is an example that’s supports functionalism view of the law
Prisons because they take dangerous people of the streets
What is Marxist view of judiciary
That’s the courts favourite the rich and the rich has more power than the poor
Example of Marxist view of the judiciary
That’s the judges work for the rich
Functionalism view of the police force
They have a positive view because the help to protect civilians
Functionalism view of the police example
2011 riots
Marxist view of the police force
Negative because the police benefit from the rich and the overreact over small things
Example of Marxist view of the police force
Hillsborough1989
What is community police
Deal with ethic minority
community police when successful
When there is tension between the police and community
What is zero tolerance police
Being strict over the smallest things
Example of being successful from the zero tolerance police
They make communities feel safer because they are taking the bad people out
Informal social control meaning
People opinions when u done something wrong they will find a way to punish you and make you feel bad
Formal social control
You have to follow certain rule and if you brake them you will revive proper sanctions but when you are a adult if you brake rules you could end up in court
The order of ethnicity
Who is the most likely to get arrested
1: black African Caribbean (three more time likely to be arrested)
2: Asian men (increasing over the years )
3: white people (less likely to be arrested)
Which class is more like to be arrested
Lower class
Who looked at ethnicity and crime
Paul Gilroy
Why did black people turn to crime
Because they had to fight a injustice society
A negative of Paul Gilroy research
Official statistics can’t be trusted
What is a scapegoat
People who are blamed for something they didn’t do
Who talks about scapegoats
Stuart hall
Example of scapegoat
All Muslims are teriorist
Example of police force being instutinal racist
Stephen Lawrence enquiry
What is the dark figure
When all crimes that have not been reported or recorded
A example of why people won’t report
Because of fear or can’t be bothered
Example of police officer not recording crime
Racism
Police bias
Can’t be bothered
Give me a reason of why crime is rising
Because of more laws
People not reporting them because of fear
What is victim studies
When people do surveys about them being a victim
Names weakness of victim studies
Too much relying on memory
What is white collar crime
Benefit the individual
Who was the first functionalist to talk about crime
Emile Durkheim
What does anomie mean
Being insufficiently inter-grated into society Norms moral and values
Example of anomie
Crime, suicide and delinquency
What is social change
Changes that happens over time to fully change the future because of there human interaction
Example of social change
The suffragette movement
Who adapted Durkheim view
Robert Merton
What is Robert Merton theory called
Statin theory
Why did Merton adapted Durkheim view
Because it was to vague
What does the strain theory talk about
Achieving the American dream
What is the American dream
A nuclear family
Living outer suburbs
Good wages from parents
Five ways people react to not achieving the American dream
conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion
Conformity meaning
involving a change in belief or behavior in order to fit in with a group
Rebellion
People can’t achieve it any the decide to go to sub cultures and fight against it
Retreatsim
The give up achieving the American dream
What is rituasim
People don’t accept your goals
Innovation meaning
They improve the American dream
Disadvantage of Merton view
Can’t explain where rules first came from
What is a subculture
A small group with its own Norms morals and values
What is the subculture theory
The do crime and deviance because the reject the majority view
Who talks about the American subculture theory
Albert Cohan
What is reaction formation
Lack of culture deprivation
And material deprivation
What is status frustration
They are frustrated with there position so they creat there own subculture
Who talks about reaction formation and status frustration
Albert Cohan
Who talks about culture deprivation
Cloward and ohlin
Critique of cloward and ohlin
Fails to consider white collar crime
Women have more blocked opportunities then men
Not everyone gets sucked into illegitimate career structure
What is corporate crime
Benefit the company
Example of corporate crime
Volkswagen 2015
Why do people do crime in Marxism’s theory
Consumerism and capitalism
Which sociologist Marxist talks about white collar crime and corporate crime
Sutherland
What does Sutherland talks about
Crimes happen due to people power in society and why crime we treated and consider differently in society
Examples of white collar crime
Fraud money laundering and embezzlement
What does Marxist say about corporate crime
It benefits the higher status
Which sociologist talks about people being in power doing crime
William Chambliss
What does Chambliss says
Rich people when commuted crime dies bribery and threats so they don’t go in jail
What is capitalism
A private system when individuals own capital good
What is consumerism
When u get payed by the rich and you give the money back to but there products because you think you need them
Example of consumerism
Buying summer clothes because you are going to the summer
Who talks about the labelling theory in
1963
Howard Becker
What does Howard Becker talk about
Understand youth culture in relation to crime and delinquency
What’s is a master status
The main thing that about you that everybody knows
Once a person is seen deviant or criminal they gain a ……..
Label
Are older people vulnerable to a status and why
No
Because they normally stay at home
Are younger people vulnerable to labels and why
Yes
Because they act in groups
How does a master stays effect other people
It’s effect how they are and behave in-front if other people
What are Marxist view of crime
crime is caused by massive wealth inequality
What does relative poverty mean
The level of poverty that changes based on concept relative to the economic climate
Which sociologist talks about relative poverty
Peter townsend
