socialisation culture and identity Flashcards
socialisation is
process by which we learn about the norms and values of our society
norms are
behaviours the majority of people engage in
values are
morals or beliefs
6 agents of socialisation
workplace, education, mass media, family, religion, peer group
primary socialisation
early years of life, their first experiences of socialisation (from the family)
secondary socialisation
from school age onwards, incresing number of influences to socialise (peer groups, mass media etc)
how does family socialise
role models, gender roles
parsons
function of the family is to socialise the young
dennis and erdos
fatherless children are less likely to be successfully socialised into the culture and so are less likely to be successful parents themselves
chapman
children are socialised into their gender toles through chores they are given in the family
song
peopel often follow parents into the same type of workplace (family run businesses)
how does the peer group socialise
shared norms and values (peer pressure), gender socialisation
blackman
the new wave girls had shared interests in new wave music and wore the same fashions
skelton and francis
children in primary school stuck to certain areas of the playground depending on who their peer group were
phoenix
boys who worked hard were often seen as feminine by peers
how does the mass media socialise
representation of social groups, creation of consumer culture, media violence
packard (hypodermic syringe)
the media has a direct effect on its audience, they are injected with the media message
polemus
the media is a ‘supermarket of style’ from which we can pick and choose our style and who we want to be
van dijk
black people are shown as folk devils in the media
bandura (bobo doll)
children who saw a video of an adult being violent to a bobo doll later imitated the behaviour shown
how does education socialise
the formal curriculum (written rules and lessons), the informal curriculum (student-teacher and student-student interactions)
skelton and francis
children in primary school stuck to certain areas of the playground depending on their peer group
rosenthal and jacobsen
teachers in mexico were told some of their students were really intelligent, but they werent, and the teacher then expected more from them which caused them to work hard
hatcher
the education system doesnt encourage working class success
how doesz religion socialise
rules and moral codes from figure of authority, gender soicalisation
holm and bowker
women are subordinate in all world religions
bruce
working class mothers are too busy trying to find food to go to church
alpert 4 functions of religion
authority, cohesion, discipline, collective worship
how does the workplace socialise
role models, immitation, pressure, identity formation (gender, ethnicity, class)
salaman
in order to achieve max. profit, employers need to control their labour forceto make them as productive as possible
savage
doctors are normally from middle class backgrounds
mac an ghail (workplace)
‘crisis of masculinity’ as women take on traditionally male jobs
culture is
a way of life, focusing on the beliefs and customs of a society or social group
status
can be held by an individual or group, based on social position or standing within society
roles are
a pattern of behaviour, routines or responses acted out in everyday life
subcultures are
a cultural subgroup differentiated by status, ethnic background, religion or other factors that unify the group
bennett
middle aged punks
mcrobbie and garber
bedroom clture of teenage girls
clarke
skinhead culture represented a cultural style based on working class masculinity
belk definition of consumer culture
a culture where the majority of consumers avidly desire goods and services that are valued for status seeking e.g
lury’s features of a consumer culture
availability of a wide range of consumer goods, shopping a leisure persuit, different forms of shopping available, debt accepted as social norm, packaging and promotion of goods
taylor mcdonaldisation
society is becoming like a business where ideas and trends are mass produced
polemus supermakret of style
the media is a tool which we can ‘shop for our style’, and it tells us what is ‘cool’ and what we should or shouldnt buy
williams
parents buy gender stereotypical toys for their children due to advertising
high culture is
set of cultural products held in the highest esteem.
bourdieu
‘cultural capital’, for example knowledge of classical music, classical literature and the arts is passed down from generation to generation
berger
analysed oil paintings and said that art is used to transmit ruling class ideas that possesions are important
popular culture is
totality of ideas, perspectives, attitudes that are deemed preffered.
thornton
the media are largely responsible for bringing about youth culture and subcultures
mcrobbie and garber (link to feminists)
studied bedroom culture of teenage girls, centered around ‘jackie’ magazine
multiculturalism is
describes societies with a number of different cultures
parker and song
the internet is being used by ethnic minority groups to organise social events and discuss issues related to different ethnic idenitites
cultural diversity is
ethnic, gender, racial and socioeconomic variety within a society
ward and winstanley
gay people ‘coming out’ in the workplace
cricher
moral panics about homosexuals on the media
global culture is
one world culture. the earths inhabitants will loose their cultural diversity and one culture will be experienced by all people
johal and bains
some children wear a metaphorical ‘white mask’ to fit in with the majority culture at school
polemus
we can ‘shop for our style’ and choose how we want to portray ourselves
woodward (identity)
for someone to have an identity, an element of choice is required. identity is about belonging to something
Bradley (identity)
Passive identity (one which you are born or socialised into (gender, class, ethnicity)). Active identity (those which people actively choose to persue (hobbies, beliefs))
