Social Thinking: 1

Question 1

the belief that others are paying more attention to our appearance and behavior than they really are.

Answer 1

spotlight effect

Question 2

illusion that our concealed emotions leak out and can be easily read by others.

Answer 2

illusion of transparency

Question 3

what we know and believe about ourselves

Answer 3

self-concept

Question 4

are mental templates by which we organize our worlds.

Answer 4

schemas

Question 5

Beliefs about self that organize and guide the processing of self relevant information.

Answer 5

self-schema

Question 6

 Evaluating one’s abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others.

Answer 6

social comparison

Question 7

privately take some pleasure in a peer’s failure, especially when it happens to someone we envy and when we don’t feel vulnerable to such misfortune

Answer 7

schandenfreude

Question 8

When climbing the ladder of success, we tend to look up, not down; we compare ourselves with others doing even better

Answer 8

compare upward

Question 9

a “defensive tendency to compare oneself with someone whose troubles are more serious than one’s own”.

Answer 9

downward comparison

Question 10

identity is self-contained

Answer 10

individualism

Question 11

respecting and identifying with the group

Answer 11

collectivism

Question 12

underestimating how long it will take to complete a task

Answer 12

planning fallacy

Question 13

overestimating the enduring impact of emotion-causing events

Answer 13

impact bias

Question 14

A person’s overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth

Answer 14

self-esteem

Question 15

Proposes that people exhibit self-protective emotional and cognitive responses (including adhering more strongly to their cultural worldview and prejudices) when confronted with reminders of their mortality.

Answer 15

terror management theory

Question 16

inflated sense of self.

Answer 16

narcissism

Question 17

how competent we feel on a task

Answer 17

self-efficacy

Question 18

A tendency to perceive oneself favorably

Answer 18

self-serving bias

Question 19

A form of self-serving bias; the tendency to attribute positive outcomes to oneself and negative outcomes to other factors.

Answer 19

self-serving attributions

Question 20

Blaming failure or rejection on something external, even another’s prejudice, is less depressing than seeing oneself as undeserving

Answer 20

self-serving attributions

Question 21

Illusory optimism increases our vulnerability.

Answer 21

unrealistic optimism

Question 22

• The adaptive value of anticipating problems and harnessing one’s anxiety to motivate effective action.

Answer 22

defensive pessimism

Question 23

tendency to overestimate the commonality of one’s opinions and one’s undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors.

Answer 23

false consensus effect

Question 24

tendency to underestimate the commonality of one’s abilities and one’s desirable or successful behaviors.

Answer 24

false uniqueness effect

Question 25

sabotage their chances for success by creating impediments that make success less likely.

Answer 25

self-handicapping

Question 26

the depth of our concern for self-image; Whether we wish to impress, intimidate, or seem helpless, we are social animals, playing to an audience.

Answer 26

impression management

Question 27

wanting to present a desired image both to an external audience (other people) and to an internal audience (ourselves).

Answer 27

self-presentation

Question 28

attuned to the way one presents oneself in social situations and adjusting one’s performance to create the desired impression.

Answer 28

self-montoring

Question 29

Self-devaluation can be subtly selfserving for they can often elicit empathy and reassuring actions from other people.

Answer 29

false modesty