Social theories Part B Flashcards

1
Q

Labelling - Howard Becker

A

Deviance is the result of the application by others of rules and sanctions to an offender.
The deviant is one who the label has been successfully applied.

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2
Q

Developing a deviant identity

A

Primary deviance: (Lemert)
Engage in an act the participant may not consider deviant.
No social interaction
But repeated or more serious acts attracts reactions.
Leads to stigmatisation.

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3
Q

Developing a secondary deviant identity

A

internalisation of the label, you conform to the label society has ascribed to you.
There is anger at society for labelling as deviant.

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4
Q

Deviancy amplification - Wilkins

A

spiral of deviance is fuelled by the media and law.

minor deviance starts to get reported and the public start to glamorise the label or become fearful of the group.

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5
Q

Radical non- interventionsim

A

Schur’s concern about labelling of children as deviant. This branding implies they are fundamentally different to others.

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6
Q

Criticism of the interactionist approach

A

Motivations for primary deviance are overlooked.
Focuses of deviance not serious crimes.
Had to prove the theory empirically.
Deterministic as reactions are the cause of crime.

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7
Q

Hirschi’s social bond theory

A

attachment - sensitive to the opinions of others, internalisation of social norms lies in relations.
Commitment - people invest time and energy into conventional behaviour.
Involvement - engrossment in conventional activities keeps a person too busy to find time to engage in deviance.
Belief - people belief they should obey the rules of society.

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8
Q

Hirschi’s findings

A

Boys who were more attached to their parents were less likely to be delinquent.
Youths with large stacks in conformity are unlikely to have delinquent friends.

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9
Q

Critiques of social bond theory

A

Not clear which comes first weak attachment or delinquency.
doesn’t explain attachment to deviant others.
Are offenders actually dismissive of social norms.

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10
Q

Critiques of the interactionist perspective

A

The motivations for primary deviance are overlooked.
Its hard to prove the theory empirically.
Just as deterministic as sociological positivism.

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11
Q

Grottfredson and Hirschi general theory of crime.

A

Crime was he result of the inability to resist instant gratification.
Develops in the early life of a child
childhood socialisation by our parents shapes self control.
Weak self control isn’t due to biology.
Differences established in childhood.

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