Social Theories

Question 1

Conflict Theory

Answer 1

• Occurs because of conflict between social groups, each wanting to advance their position
• Modern Western nations avoid communism, so the theory does not apply here

Question 2

Evolutionary Theory

Answer 2

• All cultures evolve in an unilinear direction

- ‘Savage’ to ‘Civilised’

Question 3

Functionalism

Answer 3

• Social order and the importance of maintaining structures and processes within society to maintain a state of equilibrium or balance. This theory says that if change occurs, it temporarily alters the balance in society, brings about adjustment or change to bring about a new equilibrium and balance once again in society.
• Underrate conflict and largely ignore social change

Question 4

Interactionist Theory

Answer 4

• Focus on the micro world and interactions between individuals.
• The self is not fixed but is rather constantly adjusting to others, as people require interaction and communication.
• Social change occurs as a result of the constant adjustment and redefining.