Social Support + Adherence + Hospitalisation Flashcards
Social Support
Individual feeling of being valued + cared for by their social network or how well embedded the individual is into a network of communication/social obligation
What are the structural aspects (objective ) of social support?
Social networks in terms of number + network density
Structure of social ties
Sources = personal (friends/family), formal (clubs/churches), professional (counsellor/doctor)
What are the 4 functional aspects of social support
The AMOUNT of support provided by this social network
- Emotional = care, love, encouragement
- Instrumental = providing tangible goods/services
- Informational= providing info/advice in times of need
- Appraisal = feedback + guidance (part of informational)
What is a Clinician’s role in social support? What does it involve?
Providing informational support
Strongest during periods of transition once emotional support needs have been met
Involves active listening, empathy + providing info support e.g. Clear/simple info that patient will remember
What are the effects of SS on health? What is meant by bidirectional?
Increase treatment adherence
Influences health behaviours/lifestyle
Buffers against stress e.g. Coping strategies
Protects against psychiatric disorders + cognitive decline
Bidirectional = health can impact on social support (withdrawal)
What is the Matching Hypothesis?
Matching need to what is received - social support is most effective when it fulfills a particular need.
Emotional support - for uncontrollable stressors + when best support is empathy + compassion
Instrumental support - for controllable stressors
Adherence
Extent to which a persons health behaviours correspond with agreed-upon recommendations from a health-care provider
Why is adherence important (5)?
Has critical influence on health outcomes
Responsible for additional health care expenditure
Associated with AB resistance
Need to revisit doctor
Can lead to hospital stays
What treatment factors influence adherence?
Complexity, side effects, cost, dosage/frequency, lack of immediate benefit
What patient beliefs influence adherence?
Illness beliefs Concerns about medication Perceived barriers Self-efficacy Health locus of control Understanding of treatment plan Emotions
Why is the Dr-pt relationship important?
Improves adherence by revealing patients perceived barriers + tailoring treatment plan to lifestyle.
Improves patient’s understanding of their illness + treatment plan
What techniques improve the Dr-Pt relationship + adherence?
Addressing false perceptions
Making clear the link b/w treatment + illness
Providing a simple + tailored regimen
Providing written insctructions
Involving spouse
Methods for improving adherence = reminders, prompts, pill organisers
What are the 2 predictors of health-related behaviours? What ae other perceptions with affect it?
Self-efficacy + intention
Perceived susceptibility + seriousness of health condition
Perceived efficacy of health behaviour
Perceived barriers
Influenced by emotion, attitudes, normal, social support
Self Efficacy
Degree to which individual believes they have the ability to successfully perform a specific task or engage in a specific behaviour
What are 3 ways to improve self-efficacy?
- Degree to which the individual believes they have the ability
- Desire to be successful
- Verbal persuasion e.g. Dr thinks youre healthy enough to do it
