Social Studies - Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Question 1

Shahadah

Answer 1

(Islam) There is only one god, Allah. Muhammad is his final prophet

Question 2

Salat

Answer 2

(Islam) They pray five times a day facing Mecca (within Saudi Arabia, where Muhammad was born)

Question 3

Zakah

Answer 3

(Islam) Every Muslim is required to give 2 to 3% of their net worth to the poor

Question 4

Sawm

Answer 4

(Islam) they fast during day light hours for the lunar month of ramadan - strengthen willpower/reliance on God

Question 5

Hajj

Answer 5

(Islam) once in your life time, every Muslim who is able must make a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, rehearsing for the time they will stand before god to be judged worthy or unworthy of eternal life with him(Allah).

Question 6

Qur’an

Answer 6

The Qur’an is the holy of the Islam religion and is the recitation of Muhammad’s words (which he received from Allah).

Question 7

Crescent Moon

Answer 7

Islam uses a lunar calendar, hence one of the visual symbols is a crescent moon.

Question 8

Muhammad

Answer 8

(Islam) Muhammad is gods(Allah) messenger. He is gods final prophet which proclaimed the teachings/messages of god. He was meditating on the top of a mountain one day and angle Gabriel came to him with the words of god, he then continuously received messages.

Question 9

Mecca

Answer 9

Mecca is a city in Saudi Arabia where Muhammad was born. Since Muslims believe that Muhammad was the chosen one, they pray five times a day facing the direction of Mecca. (Islam)

Question 10

Allah

Answer 10

Allah is the Arabic word for god, it is the name Muslims gave to god. (Islam)

Question 11

Caliph

Answer 11

They are the religious leaders of Muslims and successors of the prophet Muhammad. (Islam)

Question 12

Sunni

Answer 12

These are one of the two major sections of Muslims. The Sunni believe that after Muhammad’s death, other religious leaders should elect the caliph . (Islam)

Question 13

Shia

Answer 13

They are the smaller section of the two major Muslim groups. They believe that after Mohammed’s death the caliph should be chosen by Mohammed‘s family because they believe that god chose him for a reason and that his family has a higher position. (Islam)

Question 14

Stars

Answer 14

The stars in the sky are a sign of Allah/his guidance. (Islam)

Question 15

Reformation

Answer 15

People wanted to do different things but keep the basic values of christianity the same, resulting in different variations. The power of the catholic pope’s church was changing, creating different variations of Christianity. This occurred in 16th century Europe.

Question 16

Protestantism

Answer 16

A name that comes out from reformation and is a belief system. Protestantism is the faith, practice, and church order of the Protestant churches (which is one type of church that was created by the great schism). (Christianity.)

Question 17

Bible

Answer 17

The Bible is the holy text of the Christian religion. The Bible contains an Old Testament and New Testament. The Old Testament is the Torah/the story of the Israelites and their relation with God. The New Testament is the story or life of Jesus Christ/the teachings of Jesus. (Christianity)

Question 18

Emperor Constantine

Answer 18

Emperor Constantine was the emperor of Rome and made the official religion of the Romans empire, Christianity. The Roman Empire is very large and covered lots of land, thus, making Christianity the official religion, spread it quickly. Emperor Constantine was the person which heavily spread christianity throughout Europe. (christianity.)

Question 19

Cross

Answer 19

The cross is a well-known and important symbol of Christianity. It is supposed to symbolize the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It is used to show that he died so that others may live. (christianity.)

Question 20

Crucifixion

Answer 20

Crucifixion was the way Jesus Christ died. The Jews gave Christ to the Romans and he was executed through the common way of death for slaves, crucifixion. it is when the body is tied/nailed to a large wooden cross until they die. (christianity.)

Question 21

Jesus Christ

Answer 21

He is the son of god and the living word of God. Jesus Christ is considered as god (like Allah and the Jewish name for god) (christianity)

Question 22

Communion

Answer 22

A communion is a religious service of Christian worship where Christians eat bread and wine, blessed as the blood and body of Jesus Christ, also recalling Jesus’s last supper. (Christianity.)

Question 23

Holy Trinity

Answer 23

The holy trinity includes; the god is the father/creator of the universe, that he is the son (the son refers to Christ), and he is the sacrificer/holy sprit for peoples sins. In this context the god and son are both Jesus Christ (the god and son of god).

Question 24

Pope

Answer 24

The pope is the leader of the catholic Church/Christianity. Peter was the first pope. The pope has lots of power, more than a king because of it is the official religion than even then king/queen allows that religion so they will follow the pope, since he is the leader of the religion. The pope influences what happens. (Christianity.)

Question 25

Great Schism

Answer 25

In 1054 CE, the very first split in the Christian Church began, splitting into Protestant churches and east orthodox churches. (This resulted because there were two popes that couldn’t agree, so some people followed one pope and others followed the other pope). The Great Schism split the main fraction of Christianity into two divisions. (christianity.)

Question 26

Pontificate

Answer 26

pontificate is the position of the pope. Like executive branch and president.

Question 27

10 Commandments

Answer 27

The 10 commandments are laws that form the basis of the Torah and were given to the prophet Moses from God. Moses helped the Israelites escape enslavement in Egypt, and lend them to the promise land. God gave Moses the law which would guide the Israelites to today.

Question 28

Covenant

Answer 28

A binding contract between god and Abraham (Abraham is a prophet)

Question 29

Abraham

Answer 29

He was the first prophet which could communicate with god. Abraham and his wife Sarah were unable to conceive a child, this god told them that their children would be as plentiful as the stars in the sky and have a safe place to live, known as the promised land. The descendants of Abraham were known as Israelites and god promised them that he would protect them as long as they obeyed God’s law.

Question 30

Torah

Answer 30

The Torah is the Jewish religious text. It consists the the story of Israelites and the 10 Commandments. The Torah is also known as the Old Testament.

Question 31

Promised Land

Answer 31

The promised land is referred to Israel by God, when taking with Abraham.

Question 32

Orthodox

Answer 32

The Jewish religion contains three main categories of Jews. Orthodox Jews are the most strict. The believe that all of the practices in the Torah which is practical to obey, must be obeyed without question. They are very connected/take the religion seriously.

Question 33

Conservative

Answer 33

Conservative Jews aren’t are strict as the Orthodox Jews. Conservative Jews believe that ancient laws and practices have to be interpreted for modern life with the inclusion of contemporary sources. Conservative Jews still contain some of the practices and views that Orthodox Jews have. Like they are more likely to be kosher, and use the Jewish mother rule.

Question 34

Reformed

Answer 34

The reformed Jews are very open to modern day concepts with the religion. For example, not all reformed Jews are kosher, everyone can sit with each other. Both Hebrew and local languages are spoken in services. And a person could chose not to be Jewish even if their mother is Jewish.

Question 35

Star of David

Answer 35

The Star of David is a symbol in the Jewish religion. It contains 6 points, instead of four, and represents the shield of king David, the Israelite king, who established Jerusalem as the capital city of Israel.

Question 36

Kippa

Answer 36

A kippa is a head covering which most to all Jewish men wear in a Synagogue/when praying. A synagogue is were Jews go to worship god and perform religious services. It is considered respect to god/being in the presence of god when your head is covered.