Social Studies Exam: Sociology and Geography ~ Impact On Location

Question 1

Situation

Answer 1

how a settlement relates to factors such as available building resources, water supply, food supply, roads, and available natural resources for consumption

Example: ample water supply

Question 2

Site

Answer 2

the physical setting of a settlement

Example: on the riverbank

Question 3

Location

Answer 3

The particular position of a place, described as absolute or relative terms. One of the 5 themes of geography.

Example: Longitude and latitude coordinates (absolute) or north of the river (relative)

Question 4

Absolute Location

Answer 4

the location of a given point that does not require another frame of reference. Absolute locations include coordinates or addresses while relative locations describe a point’s location in relation to another point.

Example ~ Absolute Location: The city of london is located at 51.5°N and .13° W

Question 5

Relative Location

Answer 5

describes a place’s location relative to another place. Relative locations can be helpful but require knowledge of the base location in order to understand the direction.

Example: the library is located across the street from the courthouse

Question 6

Place

Answer 6

Refers to the physical and human aspects of a specific area. One of the 5 themes of geography.

Example: London (has a temperate climate and urban population)

Question 7

Human-Environment Interaction

Answer 7

The ways in which people and places interact with and influence each other. One of the 5 themes of geography.

Example: Early civilizations developed near rivers because of the need for a reliable water supply.

Question 8

Movement

Answer 8

stepwise or by leap

Question 9

Equator

Answer 9

The center line of latitude around the middle of the Earth that divides the globe into a Northern and Southern hemisphere

Question 10

International Date Line

Answer 10

The longitudinal line (180 degrees) that separates two consecutive dates

Question 11

Grid System

Answer 11

Imaginary lines, spaced equally apart, running horizontally and vertically that divide the world for referencing absolute location

Question 12

Region

Answer 12

A collection of different places that have one or more unifying characteristics. One of the 5 themes of geography.

Example: The Pacific Northwest (shares similar weather patterns)

Question 13

Renewable Resources

Answer 13

resources which replenish at the same (or faster) rate than the rate at which they are used

Example: wind energy, solar energy, hydroelectric power

Question 14

Latitude

Answer 14

The horizontal lines of the grid system that measure distance above and below the Equator

Question 15

Prime Meridian

Answer 15

The center line of longitude that divides the Earth into an eastern and western hemisphere

Question 16

Longitude

Answer 16

The vertical lines of the grid system that converge at both poles and measure distance east and west of the Prime Meridian

Question 17

Resource

Answer 17

any physical thing that is valued by people

Example: coal, wind, diamonds

Question 18

Non-Renewable Resources

Answer 18

resources which will be depleted faster than they can be replenished

Example: natural gas, petroleum

Question 19

Mining

Answer 19

extracting valuable resources from under the surface of the earth

Example: coal mining

Question 20

Deforestation

Answer 20

clearing land of trees and other vegetation in order to use it for other purposes like agriculture or urban development

Question 21

Reclamation

Answer 21

creating new, useable land or returning land to a former use

Example: reforestation, reclaiming submerged land

Question 22

Underground Mining

Answer 22

extracting resources from deep underground using people and machines

Example: slope mining

Question 23

Surface Mining

Answer 23

extracting resources from near the surface of the earth

Example: open-pit mining, strip mining, highwall mining