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Social Studies 4 > Social Studies 4 Words > Flashcards

Social Studies 4 Words Flashcards

1
Q

accommodation

A

a place to live and work

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2
Q

aerobic

A

exercises designed to improve respiration and circulation, for example running

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3
Q

agriculture

A

the practice of farming to grow crops or to rear animals

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4
Q

appliance

A

items such as washing machines or mincrowaves that help people to live more comfortablely

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5
Q

aquifer

A

an area of rock which is able to contain water underground

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6
Q

artisanal

A

a business that is carried out on a small scale, such as fishing by local fishermen

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7
Q

axis

A

on a graph or chart, a fixed line against which the positions of points are measured

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8
Q

bauxite

A

soft mineral used to make aluminium

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9
Q

BCE

A

an abbreviation for ‘Before the Common Era’, part of a year numbering system which uses the beginning of the life of Jesus Christ as a reference point. BCE applies to all the years before this point

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10
Q

billboard

A

a large board on the outside of a building or at the side of a road used for advertising

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11
Q

borders

A

lines marking the limits of the area covered by a country, as shown on maps

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12
Q

caliph

A

a religious and political leader in early Islam

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13
Q

caliphate

A

the state ruled by a caliph

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14
Q

capital city

A

the place where the government of a country is localted. Capital cities usually have the largest population in a country

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15
Q

caravan

A

a group of people travelling together, possibly as traders or pilgrims,, sometimes using camels or pack animals

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16
Q

CE

A

an abbreviation for ‘Common Era’, part of a year-numbering system which uses the beginning of the life of Jesus Christ as a reference point. The Common Era begins from this point

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17
Q

charcoal

A

a fuel made by burning wood slowly in an oven with little air

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18
Q

city state

A

a large town and all its surrounding territory, under the control of a single ruler or group

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19
Q

civilisation

A

a culture that has become quite complex and has developed areas such as the arts, maths and science

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20
Q

clot

A

to thicken and become solid

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21
Q

cohesion

A

the act of being united, often used when talking about groups of people in a community or society

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22
Q

commerce

A

the activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale

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23
Q

commodities

A

items that can be traded, for example in historical times incense, spices, silk

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24
Q

compass rose

A

a design on a map showing compass directions

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25
constitution
a legal document laying down all principles and ideas that guide other laws within a country
26
cosmetics
beauty products, such as lipstick
27
counciil
a group of people who meet to discuss issues and make decisions about action that should be taken
28
current affairs
events in government or in society that are happening at the present time and are often discussed in the media
29
customs
an accepted way of behaving or doing thibgs in a culture or society
30
democracy
a system where the government is elected by the people of a country
31
desalination
the precess of removing salt from sea water
32
digital signboard
electronic notices often used in busy public places such as airports where information needs to be updated
33
domestic trade
exchange of goods within the borders of a particular country
34
e-commerce
trading carried out on the internet
35
embroidered
decorated with beautiful and often complicated sewn patterns
36
engineer
a person whose job is to design and build machines, engines, roads or bridges
37
evaluation
a reasoned judgment about the quality of something
38
evaporate
to turn from liquid into a gas
39
expenditure
an amount of money spent
40
exports
goods sold from one country to another
41
extraction industries
the industries involved in taking materials out of the Earth
42
fertilisers
substances added to soil to make plants grow more successfully
43
fibreglass
a strong, light material made from glass fibres and plastic, used for making boats, etc
44
bas liquefaction
the process of turning a gas into a liquid
45
gem
a precious or semi-precious stone
46
geologist
a scientist who studies the Earth, including the origin and history of the rocks and soil of which the Earth is made
47
goods
physical items produced by human activity to meet people's needs
48
governorate
administrative division of a country ruled by a governor
49
grazing
a description of animals that eat grass and other plants in an area of land
50
groundwater
water stored beneath the Earth's surface in the spaces within soil and rock
51
grarantee
a promise that certain things will happen
52
gypsum
a soft grey mineral used in fertilisers and in the building industry
53
habitat
the place where a particular type of plant or animal is found
54
heritage
the traditions, beliefs and achievements that are in the history of a people or country
55
immunisation
protection from a disease, especially by giving an injection of a vaccine
56
imports
goods bought by one country from another
57
independent
when countries have their own government
58
institution
an organisation which has a specific purpose such as education or the law
59
international trade
exchange of goods between one country and another
60
interpersonal
related to relationships between people
61
interval
in graphs or charts, the space between two points on an axis
62
invest
to put money into something, for example a company or business, in the hope of making a profit
63
key
a tale explaining the symbols used on a map
64
legumes
plants with seeds in long pods, for example peas, beans
65
livestock
animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce meat or other products
66
marginal
on the edge or 'in the margin' of a map or a page
67
marine
related to the sea
68
medicinal
a substance that has properties which are helpful to treat illness or infection
69
migrate
to movepermanently from one place to another
70
ministry
a department within government that looks after a particular area, such as health or education
71
monarchy
in a monarchy a single person, the monarch, has ultimate power
72
motto
a short phrase that sums up the ideas or principles of an organisation or country
73
municipal authority
a government body with certain powers within a town or municipal area
74
municipality
a town or city with its own local government
75
nomadic
communities who move from place to place with their animals
76
non-renewable
resources that can be used on once, for example gas or coal
77
offshore
situated at sea
78
policies
a plan of action agreed or chosen by a government
79
population
the total number of people living in an area
80
post
to put information or other material on a website
81
precipitation
the different forms in chich water falls to the ground from the sky. Water can fall as rain, snow or hail
82
principles
a rule or belief that helps to identify what is right or wrong and that guides actions and behaviour
83
profile
on a computer, a visual display of personal information
84
public sector
part of the economy controlled and operated by the state
85
raw materials
basic materials from which others are made
86
rejuvenate
to become full of energy
87
relief (on a map)
the use of colurs and lines to show heights of hills, valleys, etc
88
republic
a system in which people elected by citizens of a country have authority to rule
89
retailer
a trader who buys quantities of goods from a supplier and sells smaller quantities on to customers, usually in a store or supermarket
90
sanitation
the process of keeping places and people clean and free from dirt and infection through good hygiene and the removal of waste
91
scale
on a map, scale refers to the relationship between a measurement on the map and a measurement in real life on the surface of the Earth
92
sector
an area of the economy where industries are involved in a particular range of activities
93
services
in the economy, services involve doing something for customers but not producing goods
94
sharia law
the legal system of Islam
95
sightseeing
visiting places of interest
96
society
people living together in an organised community who share traditions, values and laws
97
statistics
information such as data or facts shown in the form of numbers
98
sustainability
using natural resources in a way that does not harm the environment
99
technology
machinery and other devices developed for helping in human activities
100
terrain
the physical features over an area of land
101
textiles
cloth or woven fabric
102
tooth decay
damage to the teeth caused by poor hygiene or diet
103
tourists
people travelling and visiting places for pleasure
104
traditions
customs and beliefs developed by a society and handed down through different generations
105
transactions
business agreements between people for the exchange of goods and services
106
urban
relating to a town or city
107
values
the thigs in life that people think are important, for example kindness, honesty, respect
108
vulnerable
weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally
109
water table
the level at and below which water is found in the ground
110
welfare
a preson's health, happiness and safety
111
wholesalers
traders who buy very large quantities of goods, from manufacturers or suppliers of raw materials including foods

Social Studies 4 (2 decks)

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