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KS3 Science 2 Flashcards

1
Q

acceleration

A

the amount by which speed increases in one second

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2
Q

acid rain

A

rain that has a non-metel dissolved in it

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3
Q

adaptation

A

characteristic that helps an organism to survive in its environment

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4
Q

addiction

A

a need to keep taking a drug in order to feel normal

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5
Q

aerobic respiration

A

chemical reaction where glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water

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6
Q

alcoholic

A

a person who is addicted to alcohol

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7
Q

algae

A

green unicellular or multicellular organisms that perform photosynthesis and live underwater

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8
Q

ammeter

A

a device for measuring electric current in a circuit

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9
Q

amps

A

units of measurement of electric current, symbol A

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10
Q

anaerobic respiration

A

chemical reaction that takes place without oxygen. Glucose is converted into lactic acid and energy is released.

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11
Q

anus

A

muscular ring through which feces pass out of the body

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12
Q

atmosphere

A

the mixture of gases surrounding the Earth

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13
Q

atmospheric pressure

A

pressure caused by the collisions of air molecules that produce a force on an area

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14
Q

atom

A

a neutral particle; everything is made of atoms

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15
Q

attract

A

be pulled together, for example, opposite poles of a magnet attract and positive and negative charges attract

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16
Q

average speed

A

the total distance travelled in the total time taken for a complete journey

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17
Q

balanced diet

A

eating food containing the right nutrients in the correct amounts

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18
Q

battery

A

two or more electrical cells joined together

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19
Q

bile

A

substance that breaks fat into small droplets

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20
Q

bioaccumulation

A

the build up of toxic chemicals inside organisms in a food chain

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21
Q

biodiversity

A

the range of organisms living in an area

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22
Q

biological weathering

A

the breaking up or wearing down of rocks by the action of living things

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23
Q

carbohydrase

A

enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates nito sugar molecules

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24
Q

carbohydrate

A

nutrient that provides energy

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25
carbon cycle
the carbon cycle shows stores of carbon, and summarises how carbon and its compounds enter and leave these stores
26
carbon fibre
a material made of thin tubes of carbon
27
carbon store
fa place where carbon and its compoumds may remain for a long time. Carbon stores include the atmosphere, oceans, sedimentary rocks, fossil fuels, the soil, and living organisms.
28
catalyst
substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up
29
cell
a chemical store of energy, which provides the push that moves charge around a circuit
30
cementation
the 'gluing together' of sediments by different chemicals to make sedimentary rocks.
31
centre of gravity
the point in an object where the force of gravity seems to act
32
centre of mass
the point in an object where the mass of an object seems to act
33
ceramic
a compound such as a metal silicate or oxide that is hard, strong, and has a high melting point.
34
chemical property
how a substance behaves in its cheical reactions
35
chemical store
energy stored in food and fuels
36
chemical weathering
the breaking up or wearing down of rocks by the action of chemicals such as those in rainwater
37
chemosynthesis
reaction performed by bacteria, using energy transferred from chemical reactions to produce glucose
38
chlorophyll
green pigment that absorbs light for use in photosynthesis
39
chromatogram
an image obtained from chromatography
40
chromatography
a technique to separate mixtures of liquids that are soluble in the same solvent
41
chromosome
long strand of DNA, which contains many genes
42
climate change
a long-term change in weather patterns
43
co-exist
plants and animals living in the same habitat at the same time
44
combustion
a burning reaction, in which a substance reacts quickly with oxygen, and gives out light and heats the surroundings
45
community
the collection of the different types of organism present in an ecosystem
46
compaction
the process of squashing sediments together to make new rocks by the weight of layers above
47
competition
competing with other organisms for resources
48
composite
a mixture of materials with properties that are a combination of those of the materials in it
49
compressed
squashed into a smaller space
50
conduction
the way in chich energy is transferred through solids, and to a much lesser extent in liquids and gases
51
conductor
a material that conducts charge or energy well, such as a metal or graphite
52
consumer
organisms that eat other organisms as food
53
continuous variation
characteristic thta can take any value within a range of values
54
convection
the transfer of energy by the movement of gases or liquids
55
convection current
the movement of heated liquids or gasses
56
core
a rod of a magnetic material placed inside a coil to make the magnetic field of an electromagnet stronger
57
crust
the rocky outer layer of the Earth
58
current
the flow of electrical charge (electrons) around a complete circuit per second
59
deficiency
a lack of minerals, that causes poor growth
60
deforestation
the cutting down or burning of trees in forests
61
density
the mass of a material in a centain volume
62
deposition
the settling of sediments that have moved away from their original rock.
63
depressant
a drug that slows down the body's reactions by slowing down the nervous system
64
digestion
process where large molecules are broken down into small molecules
65
digestive system
group of organs that work together to break down food
66
discontinuous variation
characteristic that can only be a certain value
67
displace
a more reactive metal displaces - or pushes out - a less reactive metal from its compound
68
displacement reaction
in a displacement reaction, a more reactive metal displaces- or pushes out - a less reactive metal from its compound
69
dissipated
energy that has become spread out or 'wasted' by heating the environment
70
dissolve
the mixing of a substance (the solute) with a liquid (the solvent) to make a solution
71
distance-time graph
a graph that shows how far an object moves each second
72
distillation
a technique that uses evaporation and condensation to obtain a solvent from a solution.
73
DNA
chemical that contains all the information needed to make an organism
74
drug
chemical substance that affects the way your body works
75
durable
a property of a material meaning that it is difficult to damage
76
ecosystem
the name given to the interaction between plants, animals and their habitat in a particular location
77
elastic store
energy stored when objects change shape
78
electric charge
a property of a material or particle that can be positive or negative
79
electric field
a region where a charged material or particle experiences a force
80
electromagnet
a temporary magnet produced using an electric current
81
electron
a negatively charged particle found in atoms. Electrons flow through a wire when a current flows
82
endangered
species of plants and animals that have only a small population in the world
83
energy
associated with changes in temperature or with work
84
energy resources
materials or mechanisms for heating or generating electricity
85
energy store
something such as a food or hot object that enables you to account for the energy at the start and end of a transfer
86
enzyme
special protein that can break large molecules into small molecules
87
equilibrium
objects are at thermal eqilibrium when they are at the same temperature
88
erosion
the breaking of a rock into sediments, and their movement away from the original rock
89
ethanol
the drug found in alcoholic drinks
90
evolution
development of a species over time
91
extinct
when no more individuals of a species are left anywhere in the world
92
feces
undigested food that leaves the body as waste
93
fermentation
chemical reaction used by microorganisms to convert | glucose into ethanol, carbon dioxide, and energy
94
fertiliser
chemical containing minerals, normally applied to soil.
95
fibre
provides bulk to food to keep it moving through the digestive system.
96
filtering
a way of separating pieces of solid that are mixed with a liquid or solution by pouring through filter paper
97
filtrate
the liquid or solution that collects in the container after the ixture has passed through the filter paper
98
filtration
a way of separating pieces of solid that are mixed with a liquid or solution by pouring through filter paper
99
food chain
a diagram that shows the transfer of energy between organisms

Social Studies 4 (2 decks)

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