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Social Studies 4 > KS3 Science 2 > Flashcards

KS3 Science 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

acceleration

A

the amount by which speed increases in one second

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2
Q

acid rain

A

rain that has a non-metel dissolved in it

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3
Q

adaptation

A

characteristic that helps an organism to survive in its environment

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4
Q

addiction

A

a need to keep taking a drug in order to feel normal

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5
Q

aerobic respiration

A

chemical reaction where glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water

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6
Q

alcoholic

A

a person who is addicted to alcohol

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7
Q

algae

A

green unicellular or multicellular organisms that perform photosynthesis and live underwater

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8
Q

ammeter

A

a device for measuring electric current in a circuit

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9
Q

amps

A

units of measurement of electric current, symbol A

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10
Q

anaerobic respiration

A

chemical reaction that takes place without oxygen. Glucose is converted into lactic acid and energy is released.

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11
Q

anus

A

muscular ring through which feces pass out of the body

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12
Q

atmosphere

A

the mixture of gases surrounding the Earth

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13
Q

atmospheric pressure

A

pressure caused by the collisions of air molecules that produce a force on an area

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14
Q

atom

A

a neutral particle; everything is made of atoms

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15
Q

attract

A

be pulled together, for example, opposite poles of a magnet attract and positive and negative charges attract

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16
Q

average speed

A

the total distance travelled in the total time taken for a complete journey

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17
Q

balanced diet

A

eating food containing the right nutrients in the correct amounts

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18
Q

battery

A

two or more electrical cells joined together

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19
Q

bile

A

substance that breaks fat into small droplets

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20
Q

bioaccumulation

A

the build up of toxic chemicals inside organisms in a food chain

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21
Q

biodiversity

A

the range of organisms living in an area

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22
Q

biological weathering

A

the breaking up or wearing down of rocks by the action of living things

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23
Q

carbohydrase

A

enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates nito sugar molecules

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24
Q

carbohydrate

A

nutrient that provides energy

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25
Q

carbon cycle

A

the carbon cycle shows stores of carbon, and summarises how carbon and its compounds enter and leave these stores

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26
Q

carbon fibre

A

a material made of thin tubes of carbon

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27
Q

carbon store

A

fa place where carbon and its compoumds may remain for a long time. Carbon stores include the atmosphere, oceans, sedimentary rocks, fossil fuels, the soil, and living organisms.

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28
Q

catalyst

A

substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up

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29
Q

cell

A

a chemical store of energy, which provides the push that moves charge around a circuit

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30
Q

cementation

A

the ‘gluing together’ of sediments by different chemicals to make sedimentary rocks.

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31
Q

centre of gravity

A

the point in an object where the force of gravity seems to act

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32
Q

centre of mass

A

the point in an object where the mass of an object seems to act

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33
Q

ceramic

A

a compound such as a metal silicate or oxide that is hard, strong, and has a high melting point.

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34
Q

chemical property

A

how a substance behaves in its cheical reactions

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35
Q

chemical store

A

energy stored in food and fuels

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36
Q

chemical weathering

A

the breaking up or wearing down of rocks by the action of chemicals such as those in rainwater

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37
Q

chemosynthesis

A

reaction performed by bacteria, using energy transferred from chemical reactions to produce glucose

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38
Q

chlorophyll

A

green pigment that absorbs light for use in photosynthesis

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39
Q

chromatogram

A

an image obtained from chromatography

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40
Q

chromatography

A

a technique to separate mixtures of liquids that are soluble in the same solvent

41
Q

chromosome

A

long strand of DNA, which contains many genes

42
Q

climate change

A

a long-term change in weather patterns

43
Q

co-exist

A

plants and animals living in the same habitat at the same time

44
Q

combustion

A

a burning reaction, in which a substance reacts quickly with oxygen, and gives out light and heats the surroundings

45
Q

community

A

the collection of the different types of organism present in an ecosystem

46
Q

compaction

A

the process of squashing sediments together to make new rocks by the weight of layers above

47
Q

competition

A

competing with other organisms for resources

48
Q

composite

A

a mixture of materials with properties that are a combination of those of the materials in it

49
Q

compressed

A

squashed into a smaller space

50
Q

conduction

A

the way in chich energy is transferred through solids, and to a much lesser extent in liquids and gases

51
Q

conductor

A

a material that conducts charge or energy well, such as a metal or graphite

52
Q

consumer

A

organisms that eat other organisms as food

53
Q

continuous variation

A

characteristic thta can take any value within a range of values

54
Q

convection

A

the transfer of energy by the movement of gases or liquids

55
Q

convection current

A

the movement of heated liquids or gasses

56
Q

core

A

a rod of a magnetic material placed inside a coil to make the magnetic field of an electromagnet stronger

57
Q

crust

A

the rocky outer layer of the Earth

58
Q

current

A

the flow of electrical charge (electrons) around a complete circuit per second

59
Q

deficiency

A

a lack of minerals, that causes poor growth

60
Q

deforestation

A

the cutting down or burning of trees in forests

61
Q

density

A

the mass of a material in a centain volume

62
Q

deposition

A

the settling of sediments that have moved away from their original rock.

63
Q

depressant

A

a drug that slows down the body’s reactions by slowing down the nervous system

64
Q

digestion

A

process where large molecules are broken down into small molecules

65
Q

digestive system

A

group of organs that work together to break down food

66
Q

discontinuous variation

A

characteristic that can only be a certain value

67
Q

displace

A

a more reactive metal displaces - or pushes out - a less reactive metal from its compound

68
Q

displacement reaction

A

in a displacement reaction, a more reactive metal displaces- or pushes out - a less reactive metal from its compound

69
Q

dissipated

A

energy that has become spread out or ‘wasted’ by heating the environment

70
Q

dissolve

A

the mixing of a substance (the solute) with a liquid (the solvent) to make a solution

71
Q

distance-time graph

A

a graph that shows how far an object moves each second

72
Q

distillation

A

a technique that uses evaporation and condensation to obtain a solvent from a solution.

73
Q

DNA

A

chemical that contains all the information needed to make an organism

74
Q

drug

A

chemical substance that affects the way your body works

75
Q

durable

A

a property of a material meaning that it is difficult to damage

76
Q

ecosystem

A

the name given to the interaction between plants, animals and their habitat in a particular location

77
Q

elastic store

A

energy stored when objects change shape

78
Q

electric charge

A

a property of a material or particle that can be positive or negative

79
Q

electric field

A

a region where a charged material or particle experiences a force

80
Q

electromagnet

A

a temporary magnet produced using an electric current

81
Q

electron

A

a negatively charged particle found in atoms. Electrons flow through a wire when a current flows

82
Q

endangered

A

species of plants and animals that have only a small population in the world

83
Q

energy

A

associated with changes in temperature or with work

84
Q

energy resources

A

materials or mechanisms for heating or generating electricity

85
Q

energy store

A

something such as a food or hot object that enables you to account for the energy at the start and end of a transfer

86
Q

enzyme

A

special protein that can break large molecules into small molecules

87
Q

equilibrium

A

objects are at thermal eqilibrium when they are at the same temperature

88
Q

erosion

A

the breaking of a rock into sediments, and their movement away from the original rock

89
Q

ethanol

A

the drug found in alcoholic drinks

90
Q

evolution

A

development of a species over time

91
Q

extinct

A

when no more individuals of a species are left anywhere in the world

92
Q

feces

A

undigested food that leaves the body as waste

93
Q

fermentation

A

chemical reaction used by microorganisms to convert

glucose into ethanol, carbon dioxide, and energy

94
Q

fertiliser

A

chemical containing minerals, normally applied to soil.

95
Q

fibre

A

provides bulk to food to keep it moving through the digestive system.

96
Q

filtering

A

a way of separating pieces of solid that are mixed with a liquid or solution by pouring through filter paper

97
Q

filtrate

A

the liquid or solution that collects in the container after the ixture has passed through the filter paper

98
Q

filtration

A

a way of separating pieces of solid that are mixed with a liquid or solution by pouring through filter paper

99
Q

food chain

A

a diagram that shows the transfer of energy between organisms

Social Studies 4 (2 decks)

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