Social Studies 2nd Semester Flashcards
Oasis
A place in a desert where you can find water
Geographic Regions
Characteristics of a geographic region
Climate
The weather in an area
Silt
Fine particles of rock
Physical Features
An aspect of the land
Tributaries
A stream that feeds into another bigger stream or lake/ocean
Vegetation
Plant life
How would you describe China’s climate?
It has extreme temps in the summer and super cold temps in the winter
Which physical features might have protected inner China from invaders?
The Great Wall, Gobi Desert, Taklamakan Desert
How did the Yellow River get it’s name?
From the SILT in the water
Why did early Chinese civilization start on the North China Plain?
Because it was flat and covered in grass
Why were early settlements in inner China isolated?
They were surrounded by water
What was the role of the elders in a confusion society?
Influence government and culture
How did dacoits believe you could gain happiness?
Meditating
What did legalists believe about the nature of people?
They were naturally selfish
Which of philosophy most influenced the leadership style of Qin?
Legalism
What was the purpose of building the Great Wall?
It protected China from invaders in the outerChina.
How did Qin standardize money, weights, and measures?
He created laws
Qin’s system of laws
Do the right thing
Who built most of the wall?
People of China
Why did Qin bring all of the confusion books to the Capitol?
So he could burn them
What was the result of Qin’s death?
He went looking for a piton that could keep him alive forever
Why did later historians have different opinions of Qin?
He great things and bad things
Calligraphy
Style of writing
Lodestone
Magnetic rock
Why was the Han so successful?
They invented things like iron swords, crossbows, and kites
How were the Han government officials chosen?
The wealthy
Why was salt important?
It preserved food like meats
How farmers lives made more easy?
The iron plow
How did paper help people communicate in the Han dynasty?
They could write things down and they wouldn’t have to remember everything
What was the original mission of Zhang Qian?
To find enmities to fight the northern invaders
What made silk valuable in the west?
The Chinese were the only ones that knew how to make it
What Roman product was exchanged for silk?
Glassware
Why were Romans told not to wear silk?
It made them look weak and soft
Cultural diffusion along the Silk Road
To find new techniques
What was a danger on traveling on the Silk Road
Bandits
Bad people
Pirates
Why did people in China want horses from Central Asia?
They were strong and valuable
Settlement
A small community
Isolated communities
Separated communities
Shelter
A place that provides protection
Colonies
A settlement in a distant place
What affected where people lived in Ancient Greece?
Mountains and hilly land
What affected the lack of rivers in Ancient Greece?
Farming
How did people interact with one another in Greece?
They didn’t
They were isolated
What was the result of Greeks not having enough farmland to feed themselves?
They had to trade
How did the Greeks travel?
By boat
How did the Greeks deal with not having enough farmland?
They traded
Where Were the earliest Greek colonies established?
On the Greek coast
Agora
Mall
How does the ruler gain power?
The son gains power
Monarchy
One person
King
Oligarchy
The wealthy
Tyranny
Dictator
One person controls all
Democracy
Many people together
Why did Greek city states have different laws?
Because they were isolated
What was the order of the developments of government?
Monarchy, oligarchy, tyranny, democracy
Why were Athenian boys taught to read, write, and memorize everything?
To be smart, to serve public, and they didn’t have books
Where did the Athenian girls get their education?
At the home
What responsibilities did Athenian women have?
To work around the house
How did Spartan conduct trade and get resources they needed?
They stole
How were the government of Athens and Sparta different?
Sparta was an oligarchy (wealthy)
Athens was a democracy (a lot of people)
In general, how would you describe education in both Athens and Sparta? (Boys and Girls)
Athens had more education
Why was the Athenian economy based on trade?
They had little flatland farmland
What was the major effect of the Peloponnesian war on Greek city-states?
The Greeks were weak after fighting
How did Alexander convince Greek city states to help him expand his empire?
He would all of the Greek city-states
How did Alexander use religion to control his empire?
He convinced them that he was a god
What was Alexander’s approach for unifying his empire!
Terror and kindness
What did Alexander do to keep power in Persia?
Divine forces
Alexander built many cities across his empire. What did he model these cities on?
Greek culture
He wanted to spread it
Why did Alexander come back from India?
They were tired of fighting
What happened to Alexander’s empire after he died?
It crumbled
Why were athletic events held in Ancient Greece?
To honor Zeus
Why was Mt. Olympus important to the ancient Greeks?
Greeks gods lived there
Contributions for government
Democracy
Jury
Contributions for medicine
Hippocratic oath
Diseases have natural causes
Mathematics
Geometry
Invented numbers
Contributions for astronomy
Moon, sun, stars
Hipparchus named over 850 stars
Contributions for geography
Lat and long
Ptolemy wrote
Contributions to plants and animals
Body structure
Aristotle
Contributions to architecture
Greek styles (arches, columns)
Public buildings
Contributions to theater
Semicircles
Special effects
Contributions to sports
Olympics
Boxing, wrestling
Language and literature contributions
Alphabet
Writing
What area did Rome conquer during the first period of expansion?
The Italian peninsula
Describe the wars between Rome and Carthage during the second period of expansion?
Rome is the most powerful country in the Mediterranean
How did roman expansion affect the plebeians?
They had to do the fighting
What land was conquered in the second expansion during the Punic wars?
Spain, Macedonia, Sicily
What was the effect of Julius Caesar’s murder?
Civil war
How did Octavian become Rome’s first emperor, Caesar Augustus?
He defeated his enemies in civil war
Natural law
Citizens have rights because they are humans
Renaissance
Time period of rebirth of knowledge
People started to again care about education
Why was the Roman Empire difficult to defend?
Surrounded by water
It was also very big
What happened in 476 C.E that is considered the fall of Rome?
The last emperor was forced out
What happened to the eastern part of the Roman Empire?
It lasted for another 1,000 years (bisentine empire)
What was the main political problem that led to the downfall of the Roman Empire?
Couldn’t find a way to get rid of one emperor and get a new one.
What building material helped the Romans create bigger and stronger structures?
Concrete
What ideal of justice is based on natural law?
Everyone has basic rights
Feudalism
Principles and practices
Philosophies
Knowledge
Rules you go by
Civil servant
Civil service employee
Confucianism
System of education
Yin
Dark thoughts or words
Daoism
Alternative Romanism
Yang
Good thoughts or words
Mandate of Heaven
Power to rule from a divine source
Immortal
Not mortal
Not dying at the time
Qin Shihuingdi
China’s first emperor
Standardize
To make everything the same
Exile
Taking someone away from their native land
Bureaucracy
Government of officials
Compass
An instrument for measuring directions
A substance
Anesthetic
Seismograph
Measures earthquakes
Trade routes
Where people go to trade
Silk Road
A very famous trade route
Peninsula
An are of land sticking out into the water
Merchant
A person who trades
Assembly
Patricians go to these meetings
