Social Studies Flashcards
GIRL STUDY
America was predominately a what society?
Rural
What percent of households were involved in agricultural production?
80%
80% of households were involved in what production?
Agricultural
US population at the time of Washington’s presidency was around…
4,000,000 (4 million)
What was Washington the leader of?
The Continental Army
What did most Americans have in Washington?
Confidence and trust
Washington spent how much money on his campaign and how many speeches?
He spent zero dollars and gave no speeches.
How many states cast electoral votes for Washington?
Ten states
Ten states cast how many votes for Washington?
69 electoral votes
Who did not participate because they had not yet ratified the Constitution?
Rhode Island and North Carolina
Why couldn’t Rhode Island and North Carolina vote in the first election?
They had not yet ratified the Constitution.
Who was Washington’s vice president?
John Adams
How many electoral votes did John Adams receive?
34 electoral votes
Where was John Adams from?
Massachusetts
How did Washington travel?
He went from Mount Vernon to New York City for the inauguration by carriage, horse, and boat.
What day did the inauguration take place on?
April 30, 1789 at Federal Hall
What did Washington do with his hands during the inauguration?
Left hand on the Bible, right hand taking the oath
How did Washington ride home the day of the inauguration?
He rode on horse during the celebration and then walked home
What was Washington’s attire?
Brown broadcloth with buttons displaying an eagle to show support for the American industry.
What is precedent?
The first action that sets standard
Demographics definition
Statistical data of population groupings such as gender, age, status, income, etc
Vicissitude definition
An unfortunate change of circumstances
Veneration definition
Great respect or admiration to
Asylum definition
Protection or refuge
What is domestic?
Something within a border, such as the nation’s border or a house/household
What were the three main components of Hamilton’s financial plan?
Sell bonds and assume debt, create a national bank, and excise taxes
Capitalist economy
An economy that is based on money
Protective tariffs
High taxes on imported goods
Excise tax
A tax that is placed upon a specific luxury item or good.
What did the “Assuming debt” part of Hamilton’s plan entail?
The government’s issue with credit led to no other nation lending us money, so Hamilton wanted to assume the debt of the federal and state governments to sell bonds to repay and restore credit.
What did the “Create a national bank” part of Hamilton’s financial plan entail?
Hamilton wanted to create a national bank to hold the funds raised from taxes and bond sales. A common currency would be created to those who invested in the bank and the money used for infrastructure.
What did the “Excise Taxes” portion of Hamilton’s Financial Plan entail?
Since the government needed money that the citizens may not have been quick to pay, Hamilton wanted to place taxes on luxury items not necessary to every day life. An excise tax would soon be rebelled against by farmers whose every day items were affected. Hamilton then created protective tariffs to protect Northern industries from foreign competition
What is domestic policy?
Domestic policy is the area of public policy which concerns activity within a nation’s borders
Examples of domestic policy
Business, healthcare, education, energy, law enforcement, money and taxes, natural resources, social welfare, personal rights and freedoms
Judiciary Act of 1789 established…
The federal court system, made up of the Supreme Court, federal district courts, and circuit courts of appeals.
How many justices did the first Supreme Court have?
Six justices
Who was appointed first chief justice of the Supreme Court?
John Jay
Who created the first cabinet?
President George Washington
What does President George Washington like to be called?
Mr. President
What is the cabinet?
A group of advisors that assists the president in making policy decisions
How many departments does the cabinet consist of?
Four departments
Who is the secretary of treasury?
Hamilton
Who is the Attorney General? (Top lawyer of the people)
Edmund Randolph
Who is the department of State? (Represents outside of the nation’s border)
Thomas Jefferson
Why didn’t the South like Hamilton’s financial plan?
The plan favored the Northern somewhat because the South had already paid individual debt and would now have to pay the North’s debt as well.
Did the Constitution grant the power to the federal government to create a national bank?
No
Thomas Jefferson liked Hamilton’s plan, and Washington accepted it
False, Thomas Jefferson did not like the plan but Washington still approved it.
Southern farmers thought the plan favored Northern ___?
Merchants
What did rural farmers oppose the excise tax on?
Whiskey and grain
What did debate over Hamilton’s financial plan lead to?
Debate over Hamilton’s financial plan lead to the formation of the first political parties.
As a compromise for the Southern states, where was the capital moved from and to?
The capital was moved from New York City to Columbia.
Who was the first president to occupy the presidency in DC 1800?
John Adams
Federalists were formed by?
Alexander Hamilton
What did the federalists believe in?
The federalists believed in a strong central government.
What kind of economy did the federalists want?
A manufacturing based economy
Federalists supported what two things?
The creation of the national bank and Britain in its conflicts with France
The Federalists believed educated elite should…
Control the government
Did the Federalists have a tight interpretation of the Constitution?
No, they had a very loose interpretation.
Who were the Democratic-Republicans founded by?
Thomas Jefferson
What did the democratic-republicans believe in?
A limited central government and strong state governments
What did the Democratic-Republicans want their economy to be based on?
They wanted an economy based on agriculture, “Agrarian” society
Did the Democratic-Republicans like the ideas of a national bank and taking sides with Britain?
No, they thought the creation of a national bank was unconstitutional and they supported the French revolutionaries during the French Revolution.
What was the Democratic-Republicans interesting take on the men (property owners) say in government?
The Democratic-Republicans believed common men (property owners) should have a say in government.
What ind of interpretation of the Constitution did the Democratic-Republicans have?
They had a very strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Since an excise tax had been placed on whiskey to raise revenue, what did the Pennsylvania farmers do?
Pennsylvania farmers distilled their grain into whiskey and felt the tax was unfair so they refused to pay and became violent with the tax collectors.
President Washington sent what to the whiskey rebellions?
Washington sent in federal troops to collect the tax.
What did Washington’s actions during the Whiskey rebellion prove?
His actions proved the power of the federal government over the states and its power to enforce taxes.
What did Washington do to those involved in the Whiskey Rebellion?
He pardoned most rebellions and did not use force.
What led to armed conflicts between the US and Native Americans?
Great Britain offered weapons to Native Americans in the Ohio River Valley following the American Revolution to stop US expansion.
Who was the Miami Confederacy in 1790-1791 led by?
Little Turtle
Who beats the Miami Confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers?
General Anthony Wayne
Who got a better deal in the Treaty of Greenville?
The United States
What was the Treaty of Greenville?
Native Americans would give up most of their lands in present day Ohio in exchange for yearly payments and goods (upfront payment of $20,000)/
What was the Treaty of Greenville able to accomplish?
It opened Northwest territory and established a trend of Native Americans giving up ancestral land for the US government.
When did Washington issue the Proclamation of Neutrality?
The French Revolution
What did the Proclamation of Neutrality state?
That the US would not become involved in either side and the foreign policy of isolationism would keep the US government out of foreign conflict until World War II.
What was Jay’s treaty goal?
To negotiate an end to Britain’s violation of American shipping
What did Britain end up doing in Jay’s Treaty?
They ended up agreeing to vacate British forts in the Northwest, an agreement several years ago
What was Pinckney’s Treaty for?
Pinckney’s treaty had negotiation with Spain for American use of the Mississippi River and New Orleans for trade. This was a success.
Did Washington serve three terms?
No, he bid farewell after his second.
What did Washington warn the people of?
Foreign alliances (Isolationism)
Washington also warned the government of what?
The formation of political parties, as he thought this would harm the government.
President George Washington was the only president to
Get elected unanimously in the electoral college
What did George Washington establish the first of?
The cabinet
What did Washington do to establish national supremacy during the Whiskey Rebellion?
He used military force.
What did Washington establish with terms for future presidents?
Washington established a two-term tradition for future presidents.
