social studies Flashcards
innovation vs invention
An invention is something created that didnt exist before And an innovation is taking an invention and making it better
paleolithic era
inventions of fire, lauguage, and stone tools. nomadic lifestyle
neolithic era
agriculture, domestication, and slash and burn farming
hominids in order
Australopithecines, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, cro magnon
catal hyuk
Founded approximately 8,000 years ago and was possibly the first known village in the world. was most likely a farming village
phonetician boats
used for trading, storage units underneath, large boats
roman aqueducts
brought water into areas from far away which provided clean drinking water
stirup
saddle, kept your feet up to improve fighting abilities in war
smallpox vaccine
vaccination used for smallpox which was a deadly disease
steam engine
Developed in 1700s by James Watt
First used to remove water from mines to get coal
Excellent source of power
Later used to power trains, looms, ships, machines
power of the catholic church
no one went against the church or the beliefs of the church, they held the most power
geocentric theory
all planets revolved around the earth
heliocentric theory
planets orbited around the sun
exocommunication
kicked out of the church
individualism
focus on the individuals rsther then the community as a whole
humanism
People can learn from other people not just God and focus on the present life rather than the afterlife
secularism
non religous. the belief the church did not have to be involved in everything
4 things that contributed to the scientific revolution
the renaissance
the printing press
the protestant reformation
voyages of discovery
the renaissance
the revival of art and literature
he culture and style of art and architecture developed during the Renaissance.
the printing press
mass produce books, make books more affordable, people became more aware of things happening in the world
the protestant reformation
Martin Luther lead the reformation. the reformation was when the people started questioning the rules of the catholic church and groups branched out into their own forms of Christianity
voyages of discorvery
done for economic advancement
aristotle
first to discover geocentric theory
ptolemy
adapted geocentric theory
john cabot
discovered NL
Christopher colombus
discorvered the americas
Nicolaus copernicus
discovered heliocentric theory
galileo galilei
first to use a teloscope to observe the movement of moons
francis bacon
stressed the importance of experimentation and factual evidence
rene descartes
emphasized human reasoning as the best road to understanding “I think therefore I am”
issac newton
beleived gravity was the force to move planets
andreas vesalius
published the first acurate study of human anatomy
robert boyle
explained the effect of temperature and pressure on the volume of gases
johannes kepler
discovered planets dont move in perfect circles
magnitude
how big of an impact somthing had
duration
how long the effects lasted
scope
how many people are effected
demestocation
taming animals for the use of steady source food/water/materials
slash and burn farming
burning vegitation, the ashes would improve the fertility of soil, making it easier to grow crops
civilization
(5 characteristics) advanced technology, specialized workers, record keeping, complex institutions, advanced cities
artisans
specialized workers who work with their hands
cuneiform
wedge shaped system of writing
monarchy
king or queen rules (absotule monarchy has complete control, constitutional monarchy - head of state). Rule of one
Autocracy
one person has absolute power
Aristocracy
power is held by a small group specifically noble/privileged people.
Oligarchy
a small group of people have control
Theocracy
a religious group/individual holds power
Dictatorship
one person holds the power
Democracy
rule of many
Direct Democracy
-everyone votes on laws/issues
-the ecclesia
-council of 500
-Athens Greece(first democracy)
representative democracy
-votes for people to make decisions on our behalf
-2 consuls
senate
assembly
-big divide in social classes
the ecclasia
meeting where people came together to vote on issues
the council of 500
500 randomly selected people.
-set the agenda for the ecclasia
patricians
wealthy
plebians
-poor
-artisans
-farmers
