Social studies Flashcards
1
Q
Cultural diffusion can be
A
Stopped
2
Q
Location of places, boundaries of countries, states, counties, and towns, atlas and road
A
Thematic map
3
Q
Dry area on one side of a mountain
A
Rain shadow effect
4
Q
Usually a desert
A
Arid
5
Q
Found in middle latitudes along Southeastern coast of continents
A
Humid subtropical
6
Q
Area found far from ocean in middle of latitudes marked by extreme seasons
A
Steppes
6
Q
Cold temperatures and little to no precipitation, generally near poles
A
Tundra
7
Q
Large scale movement of a portion of Earth´s crust over long periods of time
A
Plate tectonics
8
Q
5 themes of geography
A
- Location
- Place
- Region
- Human environment interaction
- Movement
9
Q
In response to threats of the Soviet Union, Harry Truman issued a proclamation warning communist countries that the US would help any nation at risk of falling under communist control. As a result the Us for involved in the Korean War and Vietnam
A
Truman Doctrine
10
Q
Cold War ended with fall of ________
A
Soviet Union
11
Q
___________________ made Russia the most powerful
A
Yalta agreement
12
Q
Fight over spread of communism but no fighting occurred
A
Cold War
13
Q
Ending of WW2
A
France freed from German occupation by combined forces of England, Russia, Canada, and US. Hitler and Axis were defeated
13
Q
US practiced isolationism again during WW2 until bombing at ________ by Japan
A
Pearl Habror
14
Q
- Allies met to discuss terms of treaty to en WW2
-Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Franklin D. Roosevelt discussed peace
-Germany would be split into 4 sections each controlled by one of the allies
-Get plans to form United Nations
A
Yalta Conference in Yalta, Russia
15
Q
Avoiding conflict while Adolf Hitler tried to get revenge and attacked neighboring countries - Appeasement
A
Start of WW2
15
Q
6/6/1944 General Dwight D. Eisenhower and quarter of a million armed soldiers crosed English Channel into France and launched offense against Germany and company
A
D-Day
16
Q
To resolve the Great Depression Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented set of economic policies _______-help stimulate economy (social security)
A
The New Deal
17
Q
_____ ______ caused many midwestern farmers to lose farms
A
Dust Bowl
18
Q
The US practiced ________ initially until Germany started sinking our ships - then the US became a superpower
A
Isolationism
19
Q
10/29(1929 The Stock Market crashed causing others around the world to crash AKA ___________ considered beginning of the Great Depression
A
Black Tuesday
20
Q
Ending of WW1
A
-Treaty of Versailles 6/28/1919
-9 million soldiers and 10 million civilians died
-Germany felt i t was an unfair treaty
-Would later trigger WW2
21
Q
Cause of WW1
A
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife on June 28th 1914
22
Strong devotion to one´s own country
Nationalism
23
One country takes over another area
Imperialism
24
Agreements developed between countries
Allies
25
Countries build up their armed forces
Militarism
26
"The war to end all wars"
WW1
27
Sweeping social, economic, and political reforms passed by Republicans in Congress
"Radical reconstruction"
28
Ensure equality of all mena regardless of race and rebuilt nations infrastructure destroyed during war - mainly south
Reconstruction Act of 1867
29
Many stayed enslaved until the _______ amendment passed outlwaing slavery officially
13th amendment
29
Began to free slaves after the war - Abraham Lincoln issued it, but it did not end slavery for all slaves immediately
Emancipation Proclamation
30
Revolved around North burning down Southern lands/towns, trying to starve them of supplies and push them into submission - it worked!
March to the Sea
31
A person who wants to end/stop slavery
Abolitionist
31
General Sherman decided the South would not give up unless taken
Sherman march to the sea
32
South couldn´t fight any longer and surrendered on April 9th 1865 in Virginia known as _________
Battle of Appomattox Court House
33
1860 ________ was elected without even appearing on a ballot in southern states
Abraham Lincoln
34
Amended the Fugitive Slave Act
Compromise of 1850
35
1st Constitution 1639
Fundamental orders of Connecticut
36
1620
- 1st government document to be signed in the land that became the US
-Established self government in the new world
-cited as one of the foundations of US constitution
-limited one man one vote
Mayflower Compact
37
1619 1st law making body
-Purpose of passing laws and maintaining order in Jamestown colony of Virginia and settlements that grew around it
Virginia House of Burgesses
38
New plan of government 1776-1777
Articles of Conferderation
39
-Both have representative demotratic governments
-Sovereignty emanates from people
-Both have bill of rights protecting civil liberties
US and TX Consitution similarities
39
What ended the war between Great Britain and the US?
Treaty of Paris
40
-Population is key per state
-Virginia Plan
-Passes federal laws
-Part of Congress
House of Representatives
40
-2 per state
-New Jersey Plan
-Responsible for taking action on bills, resolution, amendments, motions, nominations, treaties by voting, and impeach treaties
Senators
41
4 parts of the electoral process
1. Votes
2. Electors
3. States
4. Senators and Representatives
42
Regulated by community as a whole - everything exchanged easily
Socialism
43
Economic and political system in which a country´s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit rather than by state - capital gains = production
Capitalism
44
Mantain/establish local government, set up schools, regulate state commerce, regulations for marriage, establish and regulate corporations
State powers
44
Collect taxes, establish courts, regulate interstate commerce, regulate banks, borrow money, provide for general welfare, punish criminals
Shared powers
45
Mantain military, declare war, establish postal system, set standards for weights and measures, protect copyrights and patents
National powers
46
Constitution divided power of the state and government so no one has too mush power
Federalism
47
4th president and "Father of the Constitution"
James Madison
48
Wrote "Common Sense" -the 1st pamphlet to advocate for American independence
Thomas Paine
49
Black leader and prominent figure in Nation of Islam who articulated concepts of race pride and black nationalism in early 1960´s
Malcom X
49
Wrote the 1st bill of rights - advocate for rights of colonists
George Mason
50
Black nationalists
-1st black president of South Africa
-Made negotiations that let to South Africa´s successful ending of racial segregation
Nelson Mandela
51
Black nationalists
-1st black president of South Africa
-Made negotiations that let to South Africa´s successdul ending of racial segregation
Nelson Mandela
51
Baptist minister and social activist
-Led civil rights movement
-fought segregation
-assissinated in 1968
Martin Luther Kind Jr
52
Indian lawyer, politician, social activist, and writer who became the leader of the nationalist movement against British rule of India
-1st peaceful non-violent activist
-"Father of India"
Mahatma Gandhi
53
Us realizes the number of limitations and decides to change the Articles of Confederation, but instead decided to rewrite the Constitution
Constitutional Convention
54
British government strictly controls colonial economy including limitations on trade and discouragement from producing own goods and instead buy from Great Britain
Mercantilism
54
-1st official Constitution
-Document that established functions of the national government of the US after it, declared independence from Great Britain
-Based on what colonists didn´t like about Great Britain
-Hated taxation and strict control
Articles of Confederation
55
The freedom of private business to operate competitively for a profit with little government regulation
Free enterprise
56
Where the US started
-1st successful English settlement
Jamestown
57
Turning point during the American Revolution
-Persuaded Frensh to recognize American independence and provide military assistance
-Brought French into war as allies
Battle of Saratoga
58
Great Britain cut off cupplies to try to make colonists surrender - triggered the war
Intolerable Act
59
Great Britain begins taxing colonists to pay for the French and Indian war
-Stamp Act, Townshend Act resulted in Boston Tea Party
Start of the American Revolution
60
Initiated taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea on colonists
Townshend act
61
Responsability of citizenship
Federal Taxes
62
Made the King of England subject to laws
Magna Carta
63
Responsability of citizenship
Federal taxes
64
Made the King of England subject to laws
Magna Carta
65
Everyone votes on everything - Roman
Direct democracy
65
Republic - people vote/elect representative to make a decision
Representative democracy
66
An economic system where government is in absolute control (China)
Command
66
King/Queen - all power in hand of one individual
Monarchy
67
Total sum of all production within a single year
Gross domestic product
68
An economic system where both elements of free and command are used
Nice blend = success = US
Mixed
69
Market with no government control
Free market
70
Move up in social class
Social mobility
71
Government regulation with maximum-minimum limit
Price control
72
Economic market where one company dominates the whole market through control of price, production, and supply, no competition so the firm can set price. Illegal in the US
Monopoly
73
Major US regions
Northwest
Midwest
Northeast
Pacific
Southwest
Southeast
74
Time Zones:
Pacific
Mountain
Central
Eastern
Pacific back 2 hours
Mountain back 1 hour
Central (TX)
Easter forward 1 hour
75
Most important thing to find when settling
Water
76
Texas regions
-Mountains and basins
-High plain
-Central plain
-Gulf Coastal plain
77
5 types of maps
-Physical
-Political
-Economic
-Historical
-Population
78
Shows a particular topic such as population density, world religion, etc
Reference map
79
The American Revolution ended in ____
Final battle in ___
1781
Yorktown
80
The american Revolution was caused by
Taxation without representation
81
The big 4 of the industrial revolution
1. Transportation
2. Communication
3. Farming
4. Inventions
81
The war between the north and the south
Civil War
82
3rd Industrialization
-Digital revolution
-Automation and digitalization through use of electronics and computers
-Invention of the internet
-Discovery of nuclear energy
83
2nd Industrialization
-Scientific discovery
-Production of steel
-Raildorad production let to increased industrialization
-Urbanization everywhere
84
1st Industrialization
South:
-Agricultural and industrial
North:
-Textile industries
More rivers:
-More interested because of their cash crops like tobacco and cotton
85
He invented interchangeable parts
Eli Whitney
86
Great Britain lost and the US gained it´s independence
American Revolution
86
Outlawed trade between America and any foreign port effectively closing American economy
- Led up to War of 1812
- Increased hostility between US and Great Britain
Embargo Act
87
Lived in the forest area of TX
Caddo
88
Commanders on horseback that controlled much of TX and hunted buffalo
Comanche
88
Lived in the coastal area of TX
Karankawa
88
Lived on the high plains area of TX
Apache
89
Nasa is founded and placed in Houston "Manned Spacecraft Center"
1962
90
Dicovery of _____ takes TX from an agriculture state to a(n) _____ state
oil
oil state
91
TX Constitution is adopted
1876
91
June 19th 1865
Juneteenth - African American slaves are emancipated
92
Proclamation of peace between states
1866
93
TX cash crop
Cotton
94
Every 3-6 years the surface teperature of the Pacific Ocean neaar the equator becomes warmer and changes weather around the world
El Niño
95
Battle of Revenge
San Jacinto
96
1st President of Texas
Sam Houston
97
Mexican American war over land
1846
98
Texas admitted and joins as the 28th state
1845
99
Sam Houston defeats Santa Anna (the future president of Mexico) at the battle of _____
San Jacinto
100
Mexico banned immigrants in
1830
101
1836 Texans are defeated by the Mexican army at the Battle of the
Alamo
102
1835- Texas Revolution begins at the Battle of _____
Gonzales
103
Most famous
-The 1st European explorer to actually search the lands of TX looking for Cibola (7 cities of gold)
Cabeza de Vaca
104
"Father of Texas"
1st person to bring in people from America aka the "old 300"
Stephen F. Austin
105
Began his search for the mythical 7 cities of gold soon after Cabeza de Vaca.
His exploration involved large areas of modern day Arizona, NEw Mexico, Kansas, Oklahoma and TX
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
106
The 3 G´s
Gold
God
Glory
107
Spanosh explorer who mapped the coast of TX and the surroundin coastlines in 1519
His maps are the 1st records of Texas history
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda
108
Teaching __________ allows students to select a region
maps
109
Texas economy is ________
interdependent
110
Best way to measure country´s economy
Gross domestic product
111
A system of government in which powers are divided and shared by a central government and it´s sub-divisional government
Federalism
(US government)
112
Symbol of hope, freedom, and equal opportunity
The universal symbol for freedom
Statue of Liberty
113
"One from many"
"Out of many"
E Pluribus Unum
114
American soldier, actor, and songwriter. One of the most decorated combat soldiers of WW2
Audie Murphy
114
Inventor widely known for inventing the cotton gin. One of the key inventions of the industrial revolution that shaped the economy of the Antebellum South
Eli Whitney
115
Trade between 3 regions, offsets the trade imbalances between different regions
Triangular trade
116
An act to promote the efense of the US. A policy that had US supplying the UK, Soviet Union, Frane, China, and other allies with food, oil, and material between 1941-1945
Franklin D. Roosevelt´s "Lend Lease Act"
117
State and local laws introduced in southern US in late 19th early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation
"Separate but equal" created the Jim Crow Laws
118
Court case
Equality for all
No one should be separated
Brown vs. the Board of Education
119
Landmark supreme court decision in which the court ruled that racial segregation laws did not violate the Constitution
Plessy vs. Ferguson
119
Thomas Jefferson paid France $15 million for the Louisiana Pruchase which doubled the size of the US.
The Indian Removal Act May 28th 1830 removed Native Americans west of the Mississippi River.
Slaughter of millions of buffalo.
1st Indian reservation was in Oklahoma
Westward Expansion
120
___________ laid the foundation for public schooling in the south for Anglos and African Americans
Reconstruction
121
Court case
Black people not protected under the Bill of Rights
Before the Civil War ended
Dred Scott vs Sandford
122
Wrote the National Anthem
Francis Scott Key
123
US policy toward western hemispehere
Warns European nations the US would not tolerate durther colonization or puppet monarchs
Monroe Doctrine
123
Granted Missouri as a statehood (slave state) and Maine as a free state to restore political balance
Missouri Compromise
11 vs 11
124
15th Amendment
Freedom to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude
124
18th Amendment
Prohibition (illegal to sell, transport, or manufacture liquor)
124
19th Amendment
Right for women to vote
125
14th Amendment
Gave citizenship to former slaves "due process" and "equal protection clause"
126
13th Amendment
Abolish slavery and fored labor
127
8th Amendment
Freedom from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment
128
7th Amendment
Jury trial in civil cases
129
6th Amendment
Rights of a person on trial for a crime
129
5th Amendment
Right to due process, freedom from self incrimination, double jeopardy, right to remain silent
130
4th Amendment
Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures
130
131
3th Amendment
Quartering of soldiers
132
2nd Amendment
Right to bear arms
133
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition
134
Created because the colonists still had a huge mistrust towards the new government.
The 1st 10 Amendments
Bill of Rights
135
British Parliament´s 1st direct tax on the American colonies
Taxed newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, legal documents, dice, and playing cards
Stamp Act
136
The ability to declare a legislative or executive act in violation of the constitution
Judicial review
137
1803
A case that established the principle of judicial review in the US.
Americans courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the constitution
Marbury vs. Madison
138
Decides the constitutionality of federal laws and revolves other disputes about federal laws.
Include the Supreme Court
Judicial Branch
139
Carries out and enfornces laws.
Includes the president, vife president, cabinet, and executive departments
Executive Branch
140
Made up of the House and Senate collectively. Congress makes and passes laws, declares war, controls taxing and spending policies
Legislative Branch
141
Used to prevent the power of the government from being in the hands of one person such as England
Division of powers/divided government
142
Wrote "taxation without representation"
James Otis
143
Began due to a conflict between Englan and France over control of the Ohio River Valley
French and Indian War
144
The government controls the economy of a country and controls it´s states
Command economy
145
Government controls everything
Totalitarian
(North Korea and Cuba)
146
You can go out and start a business
Capitalist society
147
People´s culture disappears on a large scale and are substantially replaced by traditional dominant cultural traits
Acculturation
148
You do not own anything.
The government rules alone
Communism (Mexico)
149
Spaniards brought ______ when they first arrived
Catholicism
