Social reforms 1906 - 1914 - Knowledge test

Question 1

what was the state pension for a single person and a married couple

Answer 1

• 5s/week for a single person
• 7s 6d fora married couple

Question 2

what were the conditions regarding age means and character to be met before anyone could receive state pension

Answer 2

• 70 or above
• less than £31pa with a record of work
• no poor relief or imprisonment
• character requirement abandoned by 1914

Question 3

identify 1 measurement to be used at assess the generosity or otherwise of the state pension

Answer 3

• less than the poverty line of booth
• £50 pa needed as living wage
• less than NI payments = very small pension

Question 4

how many people received the state pension in 1915

Answer 4

1m

Question 5

use 2 statistics to assess the effect of the state pension on poor relief

Answer 5

• removed 122 thousand
• but 300 thousand remained in receipt of relief

Question 6

where the state pensions based on contributions

Answer 6

• no entirely from taxes

Question 7

what was the name and fate of the national insurance legislation responsible for unemployment

Answer 7

• nation endurance act pt 2 (unemployment) 1911

Question 8

who made contributions (NI) and for how much

Answer 8

• employer, worker and government
  each paying 21/2d per week

Question 9

what type of industey and workers was covered by umeplyoemtnb imsuranc

Answer 9

• building, ship building (insured workers)

Question 10

how many workers were covered by national insurance for employment

Answer 10

• 2.25m

Question 11

what sort of unemployment was the legislation designed to cover

Answer 11

• cyclical
• frictional
• seasonal - short term

Question 12

how much employment benefit would an insured worker receive and for how long

Answer 12

7s/week for 15 days

Question 13

what is the name and date of the national insurance legislation responsible for illness

Answer 13

• national insurance act pt 2 (sickness) 1911

Question 14

national insurance for sickness only covered workers that who earned less than a certain amount per year , what is this figure

Answer 14

• £ 160 pps

Question 15

who made donations and how much

Answer 15

• insured workers - 4d
• employers - 3d
• government 2d
• per week

Question 16

how much would a worker recieve under the legislation and for how long

Answer 16

• 10s for 13 weeks
• 5s per week for the last 13 weeks
• free medical treatment my panel worker

Question 17

how many workers were covered by national insurance for illness

Answer 17

13m out of 45m population

Question 18

did national insurance for sickness cover the family of an insured worker

Answer 18

no, just the insured worker

Question 19

how did national insurance for sickness benefit a married woman

Answer 19

• maternity grant of 30s

Question 20

what was the name and date of the education legislation that introduced free school meals for poor children

Answer 20

• Education (school feeding) act 1906

Question 21

identify 2 examples of statistical evidence to assess the extent of such free school meals

Answer 21

• 1913 only 50% of LEAs proving free school meals
• 1914 - 14m free school meals

Question 22

what is the mane and date of the education legislation that introduced school medical inspections

Answer 22

education Act 1907

Question 23

where such inspections compulsory or permissive

Answer 23

compulsory

Question 24

use both qualitative and statistical points to assess the effectiveness of medical inspections of school children

Answer 24

• cursory cheeks
• no free healthcare but 3/4 of LEAs implementing free inspection

Question 25

what 3 topics relating to childhood did the liberal also reform

Answer 25

- distinct legal treatment - illegal to buy tobacco - illegal to but alcohol

Question 26

identify the name and date of legislation that reversed the effect of the taff vale judgement

Answer 26

- trade dispute act 1906

Question 27

explain how such legislation reversed the effect of the taff vale judgement

Answer 27

- gave trade unions legal immunity in civil law

Question 28

identify the name and date of legislation that revered the effect of the Osborne judgement

Answer 28

trade union act 1913 - opt out rather than opt in

Question 29

identify the name and date of legalisation that introduced mechanism to set out minimum wages in the seated trade

Answer 29

- trade boards act 1909

Question 30

what is meant by sweated trades

Answer 30

- clothing and tailoring workshops - low wages - no unions

Question 31

what mechanism was established by the legislation (trade bard act 1909) and how did it work

Answer 31

- trade boards composed of reps of workers employers and govt - could set conditions and minimum wages - based on what the employer could afford not the cost of living of workers

Question 32

how was this mechanism a departure from Gladstonian liberalism

Answer 32

- yes - modern liberal giving interventions of govt into market forces

Question 33

how many workers and trade were covered by the legislation

Answer 33

200 thousand

Question 34

which occupation involving women was not covered by the legislation (trade boards act 1909) and why is this important

Answer 34

- domestic employers - biggest employer of women - 40% of female labour

Question 35

what did employers often do instead of agreeing to minimum wages

Answer 35

- sack workers and introduce machinery to do their work

Question 36

using 2 statistics illustrate the strengths and weekends of labour exchange

Answer 36

- 430 exchanges by 194 finding 3 thousand jobs per day - only 1 in 4 finding work

Question 37

how many workers were registered with labour exchanges by 1914

Answer 37

2m workers registered

Question 38

what was achieved and passed by Parliament for the miners regarding the working day in 1908

Answer 38

- coal mine act act 1908 - extended 8 hour day

Question 39

how did mine owners respond to this achievement

Answer 39

- created 3 eight hour shifts that intruded into lives of miners and their families

Question 40

what was achieved and passed by Parliament for the miners regarding he working day in 1912

Answer 40

- coal mines act 1912 - mechanism to create minimum wages

Question 41

were the social reforms generous in amount and generous relative to defence

Answer 41

- no - dreadnoughts cost more

Question 42

were the social reforms pioneering? if so why ?

Answer 42

- yes broke the Gladstonian traditions - involved peoples budget - set up foundations for subsequent reforms and consolidation

Question 43

was the poor law abolished

Answer 43

- no not until late 1920s

Question 44

what percentage of the UK experienced poverty according to the studies of Booth and Rowntree at the start of the 20th century

Answer 44

30%