Social Psychology - Chapter 12

Question 1

Situationism

Answer 1

is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings.

Question 2

dispositionism

Answer 2

holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors

Question 3

An internal factor

Answer 3

is an attribute of a person and includes personality traits and temperament.

Question 4

The actor-observer bias

Answer 4

is the phenomenon of attributing other people’s behavior to internal factors (fundamental attribution error) while attributing our own behavior to situational forces

Question 5

self-serving bias

Answer 5

The tendency of an individual to take credit by making dispositional or internal attributions for positive outcomes but situational or external attributions for negative outcomes

Question 6

The just-world hypothesis

Answer 6

is the belief that people get the outcomes they deserve

Question 7

A social role

Answer 7

is a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

Question 8

A social norm

Answer 8

is a group’s expectation of what is appropriate and acceptable behavior for its members—how they are supposed to behave and think.

Question 9

A script

Answer 9

is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting

Question 10

cognitive dissonance

Answer 10

a psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions (thoughts, beliefs, or opinions).