Social Psychology

Question 1

Levels of analyses

Answer 1

Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Intergroup
Societal

Question 2

Rosseau and Hobbes

Answer 2

Rosseau claimed people were born good - society made them bad
Hobbes claimed people were born bad - society made them good

Question 3

ID

Answer 3

Most primitive part
contains most basic urges

Question 4

Ego

Answer 4

Reality principle
Societal norms

Question 5

Superego

Answer 5

Moral policeman
Guilt when rules are broken

Question 6

Defense mechanisms

Answer 6

Displacement: impulses redirected into a safer course.
Reaction Formation: original wish is supplanted with the opposite
Projection: urges are projected onto others
Isolation: awareness of memories but not emotions

Question 7

Oral stage

Answer 7

0-2
oral fixation, smoking, thumb-sucking

Question 8

Anal stage

Answer 8

2-4
anal retentiveness, won’t spend money, obstinate, likes painting

Question 9

Phallic Stage

Answer 9

4-6
castration anxiety can lead to homosexuality? This is the most
important stage. Talks about boys developing an Oedipus complex. Girls develop an
Electra complex

Question 10

Genital stage

Answer 10

12+
Seek sexual gratification

Question 11

LaPiere

Answer 11

Attitudes don’t always predict behaviours

Question 12

Attitudes can be changed if

Answer 12

The source is credible, attractive and likeable
If we are approached, on sunny, happy days

Question 13

Emotional appeals

Answer 13

Fear can work in circumstances where moderate to strong fear is evoked
There is a feasible way to reduce the threat

Question 14

Frey and Rogner

Answer 14

Individuals who thought they were to blame spent 10 days longer in the hospital

Question 15

Pessimist + health

Answer 15

Men who were pessimists had poorer health between 45-60

Question 16

Self-Serving Bias

Answer 16

Taking credit for successes and not failures

Question 17

Actor-Observer Bias

Answer 17

Attributing our failure to external factors
Attributing others failures to internal factors

Question 18

Sources of Attribution

Answer 18

When making an attribution, Kelley (1967) claims that information can be derived from
sources indicating if Mr Brown is always hostile to you (consistency) if other people are
normally hostile to you (consensus) or if Mr Brown tends to be hostile towards other
people (distinctiveness)

Question 18

Zajonc

Answer 18

Repeated stimulus to any stimulus makes it more appealing

Question 19

Proximity

Answer 19

Proximity doesn’t work is there is personality differences

Question 20

Emotionally aroused

Answer 20

People who were emotionally aroused rated others as more attractive

Question 21

Blind date

Answer 21

The more attractive the dates were rated by the observers, the more they were liked by their date.

Question 22

Social Facilitation

Answer 22

We perform better at tasks we are good at in the presence of others. The opposite for tasks we are not good at

Question 23

Diffusion of responsibilty

Answer 23

People feel less responsibility in larger crowds

Question 24

Deindividuation

Answer 24

The feeling of anonymity in the presence of others

Question 25

Asch Conformity Experiment

Answer 25

75% agreed with the wrong answers

Question 26

Milgram Obedience study

Answer 26

65% people went to highest level
Obedience is highest when learner out of sight and authority figure is close

Question 27

Theory of planned behaviour

Answer 27

Positive attitudes, norms and control

Question 28

Millers motorcycle study found

Answer 28

External attributions if they were from an Eastern culture and dispositional attributions if they
were from a Western culture.

Question 29

Attributing another person’s success to their personality rather than their hard work
is an example of

Answer 29

The fundamental attribution error