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Psych 202 > Social Psych > Flashcards

Social Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Psychology

A

the attempt to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others

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2
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

discomfort when are actions do not align with our beliefs

only when actions are irreversible and voluntary

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3
Q

Festinger and Carlsmith study

ex) of cognitive dissonance

A

had people do a very boring task for about an hour. then ask the participant to lie about how great it was to someone. the researchers paid some ppl a $1 and other $20 after telling the lie the people paid a dollar reported liking the task more. large payment justified the lie, small payment caused dissonance

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4
Q

cognitive consistency

A

we are motivated towards consistency; can’t change behavior that already happened

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5
Q

self - perception theory

A

look to actions to explain our beliefs

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6
Q

Social Perception

A

how people make inference and perceptions of others

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7
Q

primacy effect

social perception

A

Solomon Asch - 1st impressions are powerful..lasting impacts, schemas: theories about the way the world works, conformation bias

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8
Q

confirmation bias

social perception

A

tendency to interpret info as aligned with our beliefs

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9
Q

self fulfilling prophecy

social perception

A

act according to our beliefs and then our behavior reinforces it

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10
Q

social comparison

social perception

A

Leon Festinger, we compare our beliefs and behaviors to those around us

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11
Q

impression management

social perception

A

flattery; conform to expectations

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12
Q

Attribution

A

How we understand others behavior

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13
Q

consensus

A

what are other people doing? low consensus - internal attributions (based on personality) high - external (based on situation)

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14
Q

consistency

A

high - internal or external, low - external

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15
Q

distinctiveness

A

does this behavior occurs in lots of situations or a single situation; low - internal , high - external

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16
Q

Fundamental attribution error

A

assume behavior always reflects ones personality; Jones and Harris - speech for or against Castro

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17
Q

actor-observer effect

A

when making attributions about others we tend to make internal ones, but our own actions we make external.. putting the blame on something/one else

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18
Q

Just - world hypothesis

A

when good things happen its because of a good personality/ when bad things happen bc of bad personality, leads to victim blaming

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19
Q

self serving bias

A

used to protect our self esteem, success we attribute to internal attributions and failures to external

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20
Q

Examining our behavior in relation to another person

A

conformity, obedience, compliance

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21
Q

conformity

A

tendency for people to bring their behavior in line with group norms

22
Q

obedience

A

a person’s modification of behavior in response to a direct command.. shock experiment

23
Q

compliance

A

a person modification of behavior in response to a request by another person

24
Q

group size

A

factor that effects conformity; larger group size increases conformity

25
Q

group cohesiveness

A

factor that effects conformity; when someone feels apart of the group increase conformity

26
Q

self- esteem

A

factor that effects conformity; high levels of self esteem decreases conformity

27
Q

social status

A

factor that effects conformity; avg levels of social status increases conformity; low social status won’t conform because it doesn’t benefit them

28
Q

culture

A

factor that effects conformity; culture where group needs are more important than individual = high levels of conformity and vice versa

29
Q

appearance of unanimity

A

factor that effects conformity; when the group is all on the same page increases conformity

30
Q

Milgram’s Obedience study

A

What % of individuals would agree to administer 450V electric shocks to other subjects; 1 person is learner (team) and 1 person is teacher (subject), punished mistakes and voltage increased with wrong answers. 2/3 of ppl went all the way. other scholars predicted only 1/1000 would.. the few sadists

31
Q

compliance- tactics based on commitment or consistency

A
  1. foot in the door - have person agree to modest request to set them up to agree with a larger request. ex) survey then ask for money
  2. low- ball - get person to agree to low cost then inform them of extra costs..cognitive dissonance
32
Q

compliance - tactics based on reciprocity

A
  1. door in the face - before they decline offer up a compromise, person more inclined to comply
  2. reciprocity - when people give you something you feel inclined to give something back
  3. that’s not all - improve the deal increase compliance
33
Q

reciprocity

A

you do something for me then I’ll do something for you

34
Q

compliance - tactics based on scarcity

A
  1. hard to get
  2. fast approaching deadline - special offer ends soon
  3. justification - give them any reason for the request
35
Q

Bystander effect

A

individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. The probability of help is inversely related to the number of bystanders

36
Q

diffusion of responsibitly

A

group of people assume someone else will respond

37
Q

Kitty Genovese

A

she was coming home, attacked and stabbed. she was attached 3 separate times and not one person came to her aid.. bystander effect

38
Q

Altruism

A

behavior that benefits another and not oneself

39
Q

reciprocal altruism

A

helping someone who will/may help you in the future

ex) more likely to help someone in hometown than on vacation

40
Q

empathy - altruism hypothesis

A

can identity with others discomfort.. so we help

41
Q

genetic determination hypothesis, aka evolutionary theory or kin

A

help ppl who are genetically related to you..preserve genes

42
Q

Love and attraction

A

arousal
proximity - mere exposure effect
reciprocal liking - like ppl who like us
attractiveness - matter especially early on, yes its shallow, good looking are seen as smarter, social, and sexually responsive.
similarity - in IQ, political views, attractiveness..etc

43
Q

romantic love

A

fueled by lust, eventually starts to fade and/or develops into affection love - secure attachment

44
Q

Sternbergs triangular theory of love

A

intimacy - motivational
passion- emotional
commitment- cognitive
want all three

45
Q

group behavior

A

social facilitation, social inhibition, social loafing, group think

46
Q

social facilitation

A

presence of others improve behavior

47
Q

social inhibition

A

if we aren’t that good at something, the presence of others causes us to over shoot optimal

48
Q

social loafing

A

do not work as hard in a group

49
Q

group think

A

group members focus on unanimity of opinion

50
Q

deinviduation

A

explains mob behavior, because ppl are anonymous they do things they normally wouldn’t do in front of people

Psych 202 (3 decks)

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